psychology

nervous system

network of nerve cells and fibres which transmit nerve impulses between body parts

Brain (CNS)

controls movement thoughts, automatic responses to world around you

Spine (CNS)

runs from the base of the brain to the lower middle section of the spine, the brain stem connects this to the brain, enables communication to the rest of the body

Central nervous system

Complex of nerve tissues that control activities in the body

Phepherial nervous system

nervous system outside of brain and spinal cord - comprised of various nerve endings and the ganglia, communicates to body via nerves. Makes up somatic NS and Automatic NS

ganglia

a collection of neuron bodies found in the voluntary and autonomic branches of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Somatic Nervous system (SNS)

responsible for voluntary movement of skeletal muscles, has nerves that communicates sensory information to the CNS through sensory and motor neurons

Sensory (afferent)

It informs the central nervous system about stimuli impinging on us from the outside or within us, transmits pulses from phepherial organs to CNS

Motor (efferent)

the part of the nervous system that controls voluntary movement, may include skeletal muscles and neural connections with muscle tissues, transmits impulses from CNS to phepherial organs to cause an action

Automatic (NS)

controls bodily functions that are not consciously directed like non skeletal muscles like internal organs and glands - heart rate, breathing,

Sympathetic

Arouses in danger (stressed) where dominates fight, flight, freeze - heart rate speeds up, bladder gets loose

Parasympathetic

Automatic day to day functions like heart rate, maintains internal environment (homostasis) slows heart rate down,

Dendrites

receives input from other neurons and carry signals to the body - receives communication from other cells

Cell body

contains genetic information and maintains neuron structure

myelin sheath

makes electrical impulses transmit quick, also acts as an insulating layer

axon

cable that snakes away from the main part of the cell it is where electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received by other neurons.

axon terminals

Terminal release transmitter substances into gap called synaptic cleft between terminals and the dendrites in the next neuron

Name 3 types of neurons

Sensory, Motor and interneurons

Sensory neuron

carries signals from other parts of your body into the Central system

Motor neuron

carries signals from CNS to outer parts like muscles, skins and glands

Interneuron

connects various neurons within the brain and spinal cord

label !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

DO NOT INCLUDE SCHWANN CELL,

what is a neural transmission

Neurotransmission is the process by which signalling molecules called neurotransmitters are released by the axon terminal of a neuron, and bind to and react with the receptors on the dendrites of another neuron a short distance away

8 ethical guidelines in psychological research

* Protection from harm - physical and psychological  
* Informed consent  
* Withdrawal rights  
* Deception 
* Confidentiality   
* Privacy  
* Voluntary participation  
* Debriefing  

composition of hind brain

medulla, cerebellum

hindbrain

controls automatic bodily functions and motor functions, reptile brains 

medulla

  is located in the brainstem in the brain stem in front of the cerebellum 

It's a continuation of the spine, controls breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, blood temp and respiration 

cerebellum

located at the back of the head below the temporal and accipitral lobe above the brain stem, it coordinates voluntary movement and controls speech production, learning skills and walking 

composition of mid brain

reticular formation

Mid brain

controls fine motor skills, regulating bodily temp, controls when you sleep,  

it is responsible for receiving and processing sensory information from our sense and then sends it to other brain regions that deal with hearing seeing tasting and touching 

reticular formation

network of neurons that connects forebrain with hind brain. Controls arousal and sleep/wake cycle, it filters information so we attend only to inputs relevant to us

forebrain composition

hypothalamus, thalamus

forebrain

receiving and processing sensory information, thinking, perceiving, producing and understanding language, and controlling motor function. 

hypothalamus

located at the base of the brain. It controls basic survival actions, sleep, regulated body temperature, realises hormones 

thalamus

located above the brain stem and between the cerebral cortex and midbrain, communication centre of the brain, receives information from the ears, eyes, skin and other sensory organs, it regulates the overall activity in the cerebral cortex 

 

what are the 4 lobes/ apart of the cerebrum

occipital, parietal, frontal, temperal

role of cerebal cortex

outer layer of the forebrain is called cerebral cortex 

Responsible for; receiving info from environment, higher order thinking process ( problem solving). Memory, learning and emotion regulation 

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left hemisphere

> verbal functions (speaking, reading, writing) 

>mathematical skills 

>analytical  \n >sensory and motor info of the right side of the body 

 

right hemisphere

>controls non-verbal tasks (drawing, puzzle) 

>spatial activities (maps, reading faces, recognizing faces) 

>perception of others emotion 

>sensory and motor info of the Left side of the body 

Corpus callosum:

transfers info registered in one hemisphere to the opposite hemisphere for processing