Hazards things to remember

earthquake definition

sudden violent shaking of Earth's crust caused by release of energy from tectonic plates moving along faults

where do earthquakes occur

conservative and destructive plate boundaries

types of seismic waves

Primary, Secondary, Surface

why are strato volcanoes explosive

they have a high gas content

effusive definition

made of lava

tropical cyclone

rapidly rotating weather system characterised by a low-pressure centre, low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms producing heavy rain

steps of tropical cycone formation

1. warm ocean helps the air above rise - cools and condenses, gives storm its energy supply

2. Coriolis effect gives storm its spin

3. happens when all needs are present

needs for tropical cyclone formation

• late summer, when ocean has heated up

• ocean temperature of above 27 degrees

• 5 - 20 degrees N/S of equator (not at equator as they need Coriolis Force which doesn't have momentum there)

• low atmospheric pressure

• wind shear

coriolis effect definition

apparent deflection of a moving object caused by Earth's rotation

wind shear definition

sudden change in speed/direction/both of wind over short distance

how are volcanoes formed at destructive plate boundaries

subducting plate breaks apart, is of different densities and rises --> volcano

example of conservative plate boundary

Pacific and North American Plate, moving in same direction but pacific is moving 3.5m faster per year