501 Final - Swine Industry

Who is considered the “Father of American Pork Industry”

Hernando de Soto

Top US state

Iowa b/c grow lots of grain

Top country

China then Europe then brazil

List the 7 breeds + notable characteristic

• American Landrace - Bacon (long side/extra vertebrae)

• Duroc Jersey - 2nd in numbers

  • Excellent rate of gain and feed efficiency 

• Hampshire

  • White belt around shoulders and front legs, black on rest of body

  • Long carcass high in muscle 

• Poland China

  • Black w/white feet, face, tip of tail (6 white points)

  • Heavy ham (back end)

• Tamworth

  • One of the oldest breeds

  • Excellent mothers

  • Vert prepotent (great hereditary transmitting ability)

• Vietnames Potbellies

  • Pets

  • 5th most intelligent animal behind man, monkeys, dauphins, whales 

• Yorkshire

  • Mother breed = large litters and good mothering ability

  • Most populous US breed (where most of out pork comes from)

Boar replacement standards

• Litter size: 10+ farrows, 8+ weaned

• ADG - 2+lbs

• Backfat probe - 1inch or less

Feeder pig replacement standards

• 2.2 litters/sow/year (gestation period = 114 days = 3mo, 3weeks, 3days)

• Litter size: 10+ farrows, 8+ weaned

• Weaned pigs sold at 45lbs

What are some molecules you need to supplement for pigs?

Fe (as Fe-dextran) + Ca - deficiency—> Anemia

Lysine = 1st limiting nutrient 

Zn - deficiency —> Parakeratosis = dry, cracked skin + exudate 

Atrophic rhinitis (Bordatella bronchiseptica)

• Breaks down snout cartilage —> twists and collapse —> less effective breathing 

• Epiphora (excess tears), sneezing, epistaxis (nose bleed)

Swine Feaver

= swine cholera

High morbidity, high mortality

Erysipelas

• Diamond shaped skin lesions, purplish ears, pain in feet and joints

  • Fecal-oral, zoonotic, reportable

Foot and Mouth disease

—> vesicles on tongue and mouth

Greasy Pig Syndrom = exudative epidermitis, Staphylococcus hyicus 

Messes up the layers of skin, Can’t slough off like normal, Dead skin accumulates

Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) = Corona virus

• Mostly affects pigs <14 days old

• The Parvo of pigs —> vomiting, diarrhea, often death

Trichinosis

= parasite that lives in muscle

Pigs themselves = no symptoms

Human consumption of raw pork tho —> vomiting, diarrhea, swelling, CNS (seizures, blindness), death

What are the 5 Freedoms owed to pigs as determined by the UK Farm Animal Welfare Council?

Freedom from:

• Hunger/thirst

• Discomfort

• Pain, injury, disease

• Fear and distress

• To display normal behavior