American Revolution

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Important people and events of American Revolution

38 Terms

1
Benjamin Franklin
Philadelphia philanthropist (improves life for humans), edited the Declaration and played a key role in the debate for independence.
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2
George Washington
Twenty one year old Colonel in the British Army during the French and Indian War. Was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley. Will later command the Continental Army in the American Revolution.
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3
Thomas Jefferson
Author of the Declaration of Independence. Famous inventor form Virginia. Founder of the University of Virginia.
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4
Yorktown
Decisive battle of the American Revolution. A three week siege of the British by the Continental Army and the French. (1781) Cornwallis surrenders to George Washington.
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5
Marquis de Lafayette
Nineteen year old French Noblemen who fought with Washington and the Patriots against England.
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6
Declaration of Independence
List of grievances about King George III. Written to English Parliament. July 4th 1776. Declared the thirteen colonies to be free and independent states.
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7
Militia
Armed rebels who have no military training, fighting for a cause.
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8
King George III
English Monarch during the American Revolution.
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9
Grievances
List of complaints
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10
Guerrilla Warfare
Hit and run attacks used against a superior force. Meant to terrorize the enemy and weaken moral.
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11
Saratoga
Turning point in the American Revolution. Convinced the French to ally with the Patriots and give them aid.
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12
Treaty of Paris 1783
Agreement to end the fighting of the American Revolution. England had to forfeit its land claims in NA and recognize the United States as an independent nation.
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13
Boycott
Refusal to buy goods. Usually used as a form of protest.
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14
John Paul Jones
Father of the American Navy. Continental Privateer who won many naval battles. "I have not yet begun to fight."
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15
Propaganda
Media which attempts to sway opinions by only telling one side of the story.
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16
Wentworth Cheswell
black patriot; like Paul Revere he made an all-night ride back from Boston to warn his community of the impending British invasion; served in the army and fought at the Battle of Saratoga
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17
Lexington and Concord
Beginning battles of the American Revolution.
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18
Mercy Otis Warren
American writer and playwright and was known as the "Conscience of the American Revolution"
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19
Thomas Paine
Patriot and writer whose pamphlet *Common Sense* convinced many Americans that it was time to declare independence from Britain
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20
Paul Revere
American silversmith who became a hero after his famous ride to warn of the British advance on Lexington and Concord
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21
Abigail Adams
wife of John Adams, appealed to her husband to protect the rights of women, "remember the ladies"; member of the Daughters of Liberty
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22
Bernardo de Galvez
Spanish governor of Louisiana who helped Americans by protecting the port of New Orleans so they could transport supplies during the Revolutionary War
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23
James Armistead
a slave from Virginia who was a spy for General Washington during the revolution
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24
writs of assistance
allowed England to search colonists' ships and other private property without an individual warrant
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25
Haym Salomon
Jewish immigrant who played a key role in financing the American Revolution
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26
Loyalists
also known as "Tories", the term refers to those Americans who remained loyal to Great Britain during the Revolution.
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27
Patriots
American colonists who fought for independence from Great Britain during the Revolutionary War
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28
minutemen
citizen soldiers who could be ready to fight at a minute's notice
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29
civil disobedience
the refusal to obey unjust laws
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30
Olive Branch Petition
an offer of peace sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George lll
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31
quartering
required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies
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32
Common Sense
pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be an independent nation
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33
The Crisis
pamphlet written by Tom Paine during the darkest days of the Revolution for the Patriots that spurred them to keep fighting. "The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot..."
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34
Valley Forge
site outside of Philadelphia that served as the Continental Army's camp during the winter, where conditions were harsh and many died. Symbol of hardship
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35
unalienable
anything which cannot be taken away; rights granted to man by God
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36
Lord Cornwallis
leading British General during the American Revolution
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37
Redcoats
nickname for British soldiers
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38
Battle of Trenton
On Christmas day at night, Washington's soldiers began crossing the Delaware River. The next morning, they surprise attacked the British mercenaries which were Hessians. Victory was a morale boost for Washington's men
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