Poetry terms

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45 Terms

1

Alliteration

The repetition of sounds, usually consonant sounds but sometimes some successive vowel sounds, at the beginning of words in the same line or in successive lines.

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2

Allusion

Reference to a person or place or event with which the read is presumed to be familiar.

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3

Apostrophe

A digression in the form of an address to someone not present or to a personified object or an idea, as “O Death, Where is thy sting?”

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4

Assonance

the repetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds. These sounds may appear in the same lines or in successive lines.

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5

Ballad

A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung

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6

Blank Verse

poetry using unrhymed iambic pentameter (Ten syllables a line)

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7

Cacophony

or dissonance: harsh sounding language

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8

Caesura

A stop or pause in a metrical line of poetry often marked by a dash, semicolon, colon, etc.

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9

Connotation

Implied or suggested meaning of a word or expression despite its literal term, home represents comfort and peace and home is a structure

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10

Consonance

Repetition of final consonant sounds in the stressed syllables of words though the vowel sounds are different.

Ex: And alL the air a soLemn stiLLness hoLds

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11

Couplet

Two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme

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12

Denotation

The literal or dictionary meaning or meanings of a word

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13

Diction

A writer’s choice of words particularly for clarity, precision, and effectiveness

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14

Didactic Poem

a type of poem that teaches a lesson, presents a moral, or is somehow instructive

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15

Dramatic Poetry

a poem that uses dialogue of the characters involved to tell a story or poetry a situation

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16

Elegiac Poem

A type of poem that meditates on death or has a serious theme v 1wqa

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17

Enjambment

The running over of a sentence or phrase from one verse to the next without end punctuation (run-on lines)

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18

Euphony

Pleasing or sweet sound; a harmonious succession of words having a pleasing sound

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19

Figurative Language

a word or phrase that departs from everyday literal language for the sake of comparison, emphasis, clarity or freshness. (ie. metaphor, simile, personification, hyperbole, synecdoche, puns). Also known as a Figure of Speech

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20

Free Verse

poetry that has no regular rhyme scheme, rhythm, or line length

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21

Hyperbole

A Figure of Speech employing obvious exaggeration or overstatement fro special effect

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22

Imagery

The representation through language of sense experience

Visual imagery- an image that occurs in the mind’s eye

auditory (aural)- an image which represents a sound

Olfactory imagery- an image which represents a smell

Gustatory- an image which represents a taste

Tactile- an image which represents touch

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23

Internal Rhyme

the rhyming of the end word with a word in the middle of the line

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24

Lyric

a poem, usually a short one. which expresses a speaker’s personal thoughts or feelings

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25

Metaphor

figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things that are basically dissimilar

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26

Meter

The pattern created In a particular poem by the repetition of a basic grouping of accented syllables. Each grouping is called a foot. There are four groupings in English metrical poetry: da dum, dum da, da da dum, and dum da da. A line of metrical poetry can consist of any number of feet. (dum is louder than da; thus it receives the accent)

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27

Metonymy

the substitution of a term naming an object closely associated with the word in mind for the word itself. Ex: The Crown= the King/queen

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28

Narrative poem

A poem that tells a story

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29

Onomatopoeia

The use of words which in their pronunciation suggest their meaning

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30

personification

A Figure of speech in which something non-human is given human qualities

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31

Refarin

Group of words, a line, or group of lines repeated throughout a poem, usually at the end of each stanza

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32

Repetition

A literary technique in which words or phrases are repeated at regular intervals to secure emphasis

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33

Rhyme

repetition of the same (or similar) sounds at the end of words. Usually, in poetry, rhyming means the ending of two or more lines with words that sound alike.

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34

Rhyme scheme

The pattern of rhyme in a poem. A rhyme scheme uses a different letter of the alphabet to stand for each different rhyming sound.

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35

Satiric Poem

A type of poem based on criticism of people and society through ridicule. The satirist aims to reduce practices attacked by laughing scornfully at them- and being witty enough to allow the readers to laugh also. May employ other devices such as irony, hyperbole, figurative language

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36

Scansion

The indication of foot divisions and accents in metrical verse

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37

Simile

A figure of speech in which the comparison between two unlike things ins expressed directly, usually by means of like or as

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38

Sonnet

A 14-line lyric poem in iambic pentameter consisting of three quatrains and a final couplet

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39

Stanza

A group of lines of verses treated as a unit and separated from other unity by a space. A 3-line stanza is called a tercet and a 4-line stanza is called a quatrain

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40

Symbol

any object, person, place, or action that has a meaning in itself and that also stands for something larger than itself such as a quality. an attitude, or a value. A rose is often a symbol of love and beauty; a skull is a symbol of death; spring and winter often symbolize youth and old age.

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41

Synecdoche

a form of metaphor which in mentioning a part signifies the whole or the whole signifies the part.

Ex: “all hands on deck” = all sailors

“counting heads” = counting whole people

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42

Tone

The attitude the writer takes toward his/her subject through diction - creates a mood. Examples: Cheerful, playful, mournful informal, formal, ironic, satiric, optimistic, pessimistic.

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43

Verbal Irony

Saying the opposite of what one means. In a sense, irony is the discrepancy between what is said and what is meant

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44

Verse

A line of poetry

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45

Villanelle

A type of English poem consisting of 19 lines (5 tercets and a final quatrain) Consists of only two rhymes with the first and third lines of the first tercet repeated alternately as a refrain closing the succeeding stanzas and joined as the final couplet of the quatrain (aba abaa) “Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night”

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