"THE ERA OF GOOD FEELINGS” & THE AGE OF JACKSON

Industrial Revolution

Shift to powered machinery factories mass production and wage earning

because with iron and textiles and dev of steam engine

began in britain spred in us in late 1700s

nativism

non native born should return to home

Interchangeable parts

sped up production

made repairs easier

and allowed the use of lower-paid less skilled workers

cotton gin

ELi whitney

expanded slavery bc made cotton a cash crop

cotton also high demand in north and england bc textiles

slavery

Backbone of southern economy

expanded by cotton gin

cotton demand causes spread westward

nationalism

identification with ones nations and suport for its intrests especially to the exclusion or detriments of others

american system

Made by henry clay

interneal improvements

1. Develop transportation systems and other internal improvements

2. Establish a protective tariff

3. Establish a second national bank (BUS)

unified the sections and made them interdependent

John Mashall

Chief justice marshall

made decisions that strengthened fed gov pwr

• encouraged growth of business

Hudson RIver school

GRoup of painters painting american landscape wonders

Missouri Compromise

henry clay

any sate under 36,30 line (s border of missoutri would be slave state

and missouri was slave state/ maine was freed

Monroe Doctrine

no more colonialism in western hemisphere america woudl keep euro influence out but not intervene in new republics

• warned that European powers should not attempt to create new colonies or try to overthrow new independent republics in the hemisphere

• The U.S. would consider such action “dangerous to our peace and safety”

• In addition, the U.S. would not involve itself in European affairs

• How realistic was the possibility

Sectionalism

 restriction of interest to a narrow sphere; undue concern with local or regional interests or petty distinctions at the expense of general well-being.

“Corrupt bargain”

Clay got ohioans to support John Quincy adams in return he becam sec of state and Adams becam president instead of Jackson.

spoils system

putting you people in pwr (rotation in office)

Worcester v Georgia

Marshall ruled that the anti-cherokee laws of georgia violated the constitution

ruled cherokee as a distinct antion that had land rights

jackson disregarded ruling entirely and marched chekokee onto trial of tears.

Trail of tears

1838

800 mile journey

4,000 cherokee of 17000 died on trek

creeks and chicaksawa folowed a few years later

100,000 eastern natives were forcibly removed using trail

tariff of abominations 1828

tariff of 1828 -raised import tarrifs to 45%

sotherners felt it hurt them as consumers/exporters

help northern buisnesses

• caused sectionalism

• caused divide betwen jackson and calhoun (prez and vp)

Nullification

Nullification crisis: state though tariff o 1828 and 1832 were unconst. so they didn have to follow them (thomas Jefferson)

• states threatened to secede from unoion

• jackson sided with the union

• threatened to march military on SC and hang Calhoun

• Force bill- said prezzy coul use military to enforce tariffs if necesary

Bank War

Clay and Calhoun argued that Jackson’s transfer of monety to pet banks (state banks) was illegal

Jackson shut down BUS

bansk went crazy

led to panic of 1837 - less gov regulations

specie cuircular - southerners wanted gold coinage with real value over paper money

Whigs v Democrats

2nd 2 party system

2nd Great Awakening

protestan revival movement

tent revivals out west and frontier

Peter carthwright

rejected predestination

charles finney and lyman beecher

Charles Grandison Finney

Most famous preacher

converted people publicly

encouraged women to testify

“anxious bench“

utopian communes

• intentional communities established in the 19th century by individuals seeking to create ideal societies based on shared values, often focused on social reform, where members lived communally and aimed to achieve equality and harmony through collective living and shared resources,

trancendentalism

thoreau started it

organized religion/ (society and its institutions corrupt the purity of the individual)

Temperance Movement

Religious based social reform

• American Temperance Society (basically signed pledge of sobriety)

• Lyman Beecher condemned alcohol use

• Domestic violence/crime/poverty/ blamed alcohol for

• Neal Dow “Maine crusader and politician who followed temperance

Seneca Fall Convention

Summer 1848, Seneca Falls NY

• purpose-advance women’s rights movement

• Stanton delivered “The Declaration of Sentiments” (demanded full equality for women)

Abolition

Anti-Slavery movement

• Quakers + free blacks collected petitions and sent to cong

• gag-rule

• by 1830S opinions were supporting immediate emancipation

William Lloyd Garrsion

Most radical White abolitionist

• said slavery contradicted declaration of independence.

• Wrote the libewrator

• supported immediate emancipation

Frederick Douglas

Escaped slave,

• abolistionist and reformer

• part of American Anti-slavery society

• What to a Slave is the Forth of July?

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Organised seneca falls convention

delivered Declaration of Serntiments

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the United States across the American continents was both justified and inevitable. It reflected a belief in the nation's mission to spread democracy and capitalism.

“54-40 or fight”

Polk’s campaign slogan:

• Oregon Territory between the United States and Britain,

• advocating for U.S. control up to latitude 54°40′.

Annexation

Polk wanted texas and oregon to be added as states into the union,

• key aspect of Manifest Destiny.

Remember the alamo

“Penney Press” slogan

• Jim bowie and Davy Crockett symbolized strength and courage of Texans fighting for independence from Mexico

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

• Feb 2 1848

• Ended Mexican-American War

• Mex. accepted rio grande as tex. southern border

• Mex. ceded New Mexcio and upper california

• US paid mex. $15 million dollars for the territories

• Also ceded nevada, utah, most of arizona and colorado, oklahoma, Kansas, Wyoming

Gadsen Purchase

land deal where us bought approx 30,000sqm from Mex.

• $10 mill

• secured rout for a southern transcontinental railroad and resolve lingering boarder disputes after Mex-American War