Civics Test

Civil Society

A society in which citizens are organized into groups and associations independent of the government.

Characteristics of Civil Society

Includes voluntary participation, autonomy from the state, and a focus on collective interests.

Benefits of Civil Society

Promotes democratic values, facilitates community engagement, and encourages citizen participation.

Restrictions of Civil Society

Can include government regulations, lack of funding, and limitations on freedom of assembly.

Types of Government

Categories including Democracy (rule by the people) and Autocracy (rule by a single individual).

Functions of Government

Includes maintaining order, providing public services, and ensuring national security.

Elections Frequency

Elections are typically held at regular intervals, often every few years depending on the jurisdiction. Every 4 years in Canada.

Type of Government in Canada

Canada has a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy.

Head of State in Canada

The head of state is the monarch, represented by the Governor General.

Reasons for Calling an Election

Can include the end of a parliamentary session, loss of confidence, or scheduled electoral cycle.

Role of a Mayor

The mayor oversees the administration of local government and represents the municipality.

Amalgamation

The process of combining two or more municipalities into a single entity.

Levels of Government Responsibilities

Various levels manage areas such as education, healthcare, transportation, and public safety.

Benefits of Globalization

Increased trade, cultural exchange, and economic development.

Drawbacks of Globalization

Can lead to cultural homogenization, job displacement, and economic inequality.

Proving in Court

In criminal cases, the prosecution must prove the defendant's guilt 'beyond a reasonable doubt.'

Consensus

General agreement within a group; impacts government decision-making and policy.

Rule of Law

The principle that all individuals and institutions are accountable to the law.

Rights When Accused of a Crime

Rights include the right to a fair trial, legal representation, and presumption of innocence.

Charter of Rights and Freedoms Purpose

To protect the fundamental rights and freedoms of all Canadians.