The History and Development of Biomedical Imaging

Flashcards covering key terms and concepts from the history and development of biomedical imaging.

Microscopy\n\n

The use of microscopes to view objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye.\n\n

Compound Microscope\n\n

An optical instrument with two or more lenses that magnifies small objects.\n\n

Wilhelm Röntgen\n\n

The scientist who invented the X-ray, allowing visualization inside the human body.\n\n

CT Scan\n\n

Computed tomography, a method that uses X-rays to create images of the body's internal structure.\n\n

MRI\n\n

Magnetic resonance imaging, a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create high-resolution images without radiation.\n\n

Ultrasound\n\n

An imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize soft tissues in the body.\n\n

Antony van Leeuwenhoek\n\n

A pioneer in microscopy who discovered bacteria by examining materials like pond water, insects, animal hair, and dental plaque.\n\n

Camillo Golgi\n\n

A scientist known for developing staining techniques that allowed the observation of individual cells.\n\n

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)\n\n

A type of imaging that uses a radioactive tracer to display metabolic activity in tissues.\n\n

Fluorescence Microscopy\n\n

A technique that uses fluorescence to visualize samples that may be naturally fluorescent or treated with dyes.\n\n

Deep Tissue Imaging\n\n

The ability to visualize cells and tissues at a high resolution deep inside the body.\n\n

Regenerative Bioscience Center\n\n

A research center at the University of Georgia focused on regenerative medicine and health improvement through technology.\n\n

Data Processing\n\n

The technique needed to organize and analyze large amounts of data generated by advanced imaging technologies.\n\n

Magnification\n\n

The ratio between the size of an image and the actual size of the object, typically indicated with a multiplier like 10x or 100x.\n\n

Resolution\n\n

The smallest distance between two points at which they can still be clearly distinguished as separate entities.\n\n

Contrast\n\n

The difference in light intensity or color that makes an object stand out from the background or other structures.\n\n

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)\n\n

A microscope that scans the surface of a sample with a beam of electrons to produce a detailed 3D image.\n\n

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)\n\n

A microscope that passes a beam of electrons through an ultra-thin specimen to image internal cellular structures.\n\n

Contrast Agent\n\n

A substance like iodine or gadolinium used in X-rays or MRI to improve the visibility of internal organs or blood vessels.\n\n

Light Microscope\n\n

A type of microscope that uses visible light and glass lenses to magnify specimens, usually with a resolution limit around 200 nm.\n\n

Radiopharmaceutical\n\n

A radioactive drug used as a tracer during a PET scan to monitor physiological processes within the body.\n\n

Zacharias Janssen\n\n

A Dutch spectacle-maker credited with inventing the first compound microscope around 1590.\n\n

Robert Hooke\n\n

The author of Micrographia (1665) who was the first to use the term 'cell' after observing cork structures.\n\n

Ernst Ruska\n\n

A physicist who designed the first electron microscope in 1931, revolutionizing imaging by overcoming the resolution limits of light.\n\n

Sir Godfrey Hounsfield\n\n

The electrical engineer who led the team that developed the first clinical CT scanner in the early 1970s.\n\n

Paul Lauterbur and Peter Mansfield\n\n

The scientists who made key breakthroughs in spatial encoding that led to modern Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).\n\n

Marie Curie\n\n

A pioneer in radioactivity who developed mobile X-ray units, known as 'Little Curies,' to treat soldiers during WWI.\n\n

Ian Donald\n\n

The obstetrician who first applied industrial sonar technology to visualize a fetus in the womb, pioneering medical ultrasound.\n\n