Cell Transport Study Set

Plasma membrane

Flexible boundary between the cell and its environment; allows a steady supply of nutrients and other molecules to enter or leave the cell

Permeable

Allow things to pass through

Selective permeability

Allow some molecules to pass while keeping others out

Plasma membrane controls what?

The movement of molecules in and out of the cell (like a chain-link fence)

Phospholipids

Form a bi-layers with the tails facing in and the heads facing out

Hydrophilic

Likes water, is water soluble

The Polar Head of the phospholipid is ...

Hydrophilic

The Non-Polar Tail of the phospholipid is ...

Hydrophobic

Hydrophobic

Scared of water

Fluid Mosaic Model

Flexible and embedded with protein

Cholesterol

Stabilizes the phospholipids by preventing the tails from sticking

Transport Proteins

Allow for the selective permeability of the membrane and moves larger materials in + our of the cell

3 types of cell transport

Passive, Active, Bulk

Active Transport uses ....

ATP/Energy

Active transport moves cell what?

Against the concentration gradient

Passive Transport uses .....

No energy

Passive Transport is also called

Diffusion

Facilitated Diffusion

Diffusion with the use of a protein

Osmosis

The diffusion of water

Water always goes from an area of ______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration

High, low

Tonicity

the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water

Isotonic Solution

no net movement of water

Hypotonic Solution

Concentration of water greater outside than inside, water moves into the cell

Hypertonic Soultion

Water inside the cell is higher than outside the cell, water moves out of the cell

Cell in hypertonic solution will ...

Shrivel

Cell in hypotonic solution will ...

Swell and or burst

Bulk transport

Transport bulk molecules by surrounding them with membrane "vesicles"

Vesicular transports can be ...

Internal or external

Endocytosis vesicle transports

Materials INTO a cell

Exocytosis vesicle transports

Materials OUT of the cell

Plasma membrane also maintains ...

Homeostasis

The plasma membrane structure is composed of ...

Phospholipids

Plasma membrane is "_______" in that it moves like waves in the ocean (Fluid Mosaic)

Fluid

Proteins embedded in membrane _________ within the membrane like a boat at sea (Fluid Mosaic)

Move

Proteins create a __________ or "__________" on the membrane surface.

Pattern, mosaic

ATP stands for

Adenosine Triphosphate

Diffusion means

Movement of particles carbon dioxide, oxygen, etc

Channel Proteins

Transport protein that provides a tube-like opening in the plasma membrane through which particles can diffuse

is used during active transport but not passive transport?

energy (ATP)

Endocytosis

Process by which a cell takes in material by forming a vacuole around it

passive transport

particle movement from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Exocytosis

Process by which a cell expels wastes from a vacuole

facilitated diffusion

A form of passive transport that uses transport proteins

Active transport concentration?

Particle movement from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

Carrier proteins

Transport protein that changes shape when a particle binds with it

Transport protein used to help what?

substances enter or exit the cell membrane

Equilibrium is?

When the molecules of one substance are spread evenly throughout another substance to become balanced

Exostosis does what?

A vacuole membrane fuses (becomes a port of) the cell membrane and the contents are released

Endocytosis does what?

The cell membrane forms around another substance, EX: how the amoeba gets its food

Diffusion concentration is?

Higher concentrations to areas of lower concentration

Which/What solution(s) cause osmosis?

All 3 of them (Isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic)

Isotonic solution is when water flows ...

In both direction, there is no grain or loss of water

Hypertonic solution is when water flows ...

Out of the cell, the cell could then shrivel/shrink

Hypotonic solution is when water flows ...

Into the cell, the cell could then swell or burst

MAKE SURE TO KNOW THE PICTURES FOR THE TONICS AND ABLE TO LABEL IT

ALSO MAKE SURE TO UNDERSTAND EACH THING FROM THE CHART/MOST OF THE NOTES