Unit 5: Nervous System (Nerves from Textbook)

Olfactory

Purely sensory; carries impulses for the sense of small.

Optic

Purely sensory; carries impulses for vision.

Oculomotor

Supplies motor fibers to four of the six muscles that direct the eyeball to the eyelid and to the internal eye muscles controlling lens shape and pupil size

Trochlear

Supplies motor fibers for one external eye muscle (superior oblique)

Trigeminal

Conducts sensory impulses from the skin of the face and mucosa of the nose and mouth; also contains motor fibers that activate the chewing muscles

Abducens

Supplies motor fibers to the lateral rectus muscle, which rolls the eye laterally

Facial

Activates the muscles of facial expression and the lacrimal and salivary glands; carries sensory impulses from the taste buds of anterior tounge

Vestibulocochlear

Sensory; vestibular branches transmit impulses for the sense of balance, and the cochlear branches transmit impulses for the sense of hearing

Glossopharygeal

Supplies motor fibers to the pharynx, that promote swallowing and saliva production; carries sensory impulses from the tast bud of the posterior tounge and from the pressure receptors of the cartoid artery

Vagus

Fibers carry sensory impulses from and motor impulses to the pharynx, larynx, and the abdominal and thoracic viscera; most motor fibers that promote digestive activity and help regular heart activity

Accessory

Mostly motor fibers that activate the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

Hypoglossal

Motor fibers that control tounge movements; sensory fibers carry impulses from the tounge

Cervical plexus

Diaphragm shoulder, and neck; Respitory paralysis and death if not treated promptly

Brachial plexus

Deltoid muscle of the shoulder; Paralysis and atrophy of deltoid muscle

Lumbar

Lower abdomen, buttocks, anterior thighs, and skin of anteromedial leg and thigh; Inability to extend leg and flex hipLose sensation in the lower limbs and may affect bladder control.

Sacral

Lower trunk and posterior surface of thigh; inability to extend hip and flex knee

Astrocytes

Form barrier between capillaries and neurons, provide neurons access to nutrients from blood supply

Microglia

Provides immune response to Centeral Nervous System, dispose of debris such as dead brain cells

Ependymal cells

Secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid in cavities of the brain and spinal cord, helps provide cushion for CNS

Oligodendrocytes

Provide myelin sheath insulation to neurons in the CNS

Satellite Cells

Act as protective cushioning cells in PNS

Schwann Cells

Surround neurons in PNS to insulate cell and help messages move → make up myelin sheath