ENGL 534

How do the authors define the term 'citizen' in the context of the book?

A civic actor in our community.

What is the purpose of journalism according to the authors?

The function news plays in the lives of people.

What does the Awareness Instinct refer to?

People craving the news.

Who were the first publishers of newspapers in America?

Politicians.

Is it true that the role of the press as gatekeeper no longer defines its role in society?

True.

What is one of the new roles of journalists mentioned in the book?

Authenticator, helping news consumers discern reliable information.

Do the authors believe that public and computers can displace journalists' fact-finding role?

False.

What do the authors suggest journalists should focus on?

Issues of common concern that cut across demographics.

What is journalistic truth characterized as?

A sorting-out process.

Why is accuracy important in journalism?

It is the foundation upon which everything else is built.

What does 'organized collaborative intelligence' refer to?

The collective effort to uncover the truth.

Is it acceptable to substitute fairness and balance for the truth according to the book's authors?

False.

What does journalistic independence equate to?

Allegiance to citizens.

What failed attempt is mentioned regarding newsroom leadership?

Turning newsroom leaders into cost managers.

What two loyalties should journalists prioritize according to the text?

Loyalty to citizens comes first, followed by loyalty to employers.

What is one of the keys to the independence of news organizations?

Allowing journalists to have the final say over news.

Does the objective method allow journalists to rearrange events in their stories?

False.

What should journalism of verification involve according to the authors?

Talking to multiple eyewitnesses to an event.

What is defined as the primary purpose of journalism?

To provide citizens with the information they need to be free and self-governing.

What is the difference between hard news and soft news?

Hard news is timely and urgent, while soft news emphasizes human interest and novelty.

Which role involves putting facts into context for the public?

Sense maker.

Which criterion for newsworthiness assesses geographic closeness of the story to the audience?

Proximity.

What is the significance of public engagement and solutions in news stories?

It involves getting people involved in issues and providing expert solutions.

What does the process of truth-telling in journalism consist of?

A series of stages from initial details to correcting mistakes and adding context.

What commitment is crucial for owners of news organizations to uphold?

A commitment to citizens first.

What is the discipline of verification in journalism?

A method that emphasizes establishing the truth, accuracy, and validity.

According to the book, what is essential for objectivity in journalism?

The discipline of verification.

What do journalists need to avoid adding in their reports?

Anything that wasn’t present in reality.

What are the main principles of journalism as stated in the notes?

Seek truth, minimize harm, act independently, and be accountable and transparent.

What is a potential drawback of social media usage in journalism?

Misinformation and harassment of journalists.

What does the term 'filter bubble' refer to?

A situation where users encounter only information that confirms their beliefs.