Final exam music

Arnold Schoenberg

Austrian; modernism, serialism / 12-tone; expressionism; String Quartet No. 4

Igor Stravinsky

Russian; primitivism & neoclassicism; Ballets Russes; The Rite of Spring (“Sacrificial Dance”), Pulcinella

Maurice Ravel

French; impressionism; orchestral color; Daphnis et Chloé

Pierre Schaeffer

French; musique concrète, electronic music; The Orangery

Richard Wagner

German; romanticism; Gesamtkunstwerk, leitmotif; The Ring of the Nibelung, “Magic Fire Music,” characters: Wotan, Brünnhilde

Steve Reich

American; minimalism; phasing/phase shifting; Music for 18 Musicians

Tania León

Cuban-American; modernism; rhythmic drive; Indígena

William Grant Still

American; Harlem Renaissance; nationalism; Afro-American Symphony (“Juba Dance”)

Florence Price

American; Chicago Black; nationalism; Juba Dance (Symphony No. 1)

Bedřich Smetana

Czech; nationalism; program music; The Moldau

Franz Schubert

Austrian; romanticism; art song (Lied); Erlkönig (character: Erlking)

Frédéric Chopin

Polish; romanticism; piano character pieces; Mazurka in B-flat, Nocturne in E-flat

Giuseppe Verdi

Italian; opera; romanticism; La Traviata (“Sempre libera”), character: Violetta / Alfredo

Hector Berlioz

French; romanticism; program symphony, idée fixe; Symphonie fantastique (“Dream of a Witches’ Sabbath”)

Caroline Shaw

American; contemporary; string quartet; String Quartet No. 4

Chopin

Who is Polish?

Smetana

Who is Czech?

Stravinsky

Who is Russian?

Wagner

Who is German?

Verdi

Who is Italian?

Schubert, Schoenberg

Who is Austrian?

Ravel, Berlioz, Schaeffer

Who is French?

Reich, Still, Price, Shaw

Who is American?

Tania León

Who is Cuban-American?

“Sacrificial Dance”

Irregular rhythms, pounding accents → Stravinsky / primitivism

“Erlkönig”

Galloping piano, multiple characters → Schubert / Lied

“Juba Dance”

Syncopated, dance-like → Florence Price / William Grant Still

“Dream of a Witches’ Sabbath”

Dies irae, grotesque orchestration → Berlioz

Music for 18 Musicians

Pulsing patterns, gradual shifts → Steve Reich

Musique concrète

Recorded sounds, tape manipulation → Pierre Schaeffer

Idée fixe

Repeating theme representing an idea/person (Berlioz)

Leitmotif

Theme tied to character/place (Wagner)

Gesamtkunstwerk

“Total artwork” (music, drama, staging) → Wagner

Program symphony

Symphony with a narrative → Berlioz

Through-composed

No repeated sections (common in Lieder)

Rubato

Flexible tempo

Col legno

Playing strings with the wood of the bow

Steve Reich (picture)

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Tania Leon (picture)

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Hector Berlioz (picture)

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William Grant Still (picture)

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Giuseppe Verdi (picture)

Which artist is this?

Igor stravinsky (picture)

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Franz Schubert (picture)

Which artist is this?

Wilhelm richard wagner (picture)

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Frederic Chopin (picture)

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Caroline Shaw (picture)

Which artist is this?

Florence Price (picture)

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Maurice Ravel (picture)

Which artist is this?

Bedrich Smetana (picture)

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Pierre Schaeffer (picture)

Which artist is this?

Arnold Schoenberg (picture)

Which artist is this?