World War I and Interwar Period Flashcards

Flashcards based on World War I and Interwar Period lecture notes.

What date is Black Tuesday?

October 29, 1929

When did World War II start?

September 1, 1939 (Invasion of Poland)

What is VE Day?

May 8, 1945

What is VJ Day?

August 15, 1945

What is militarism?

Building up of a strong army and navy.

What is an alliance?

Agreement between two or more nations to help each other.

Who were the members of the Triple Entente (Allies)?

Britain, France, Russia

Who were the members of the Triple Alliance (Central Powers)?

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

What is imperialism?

Extension of one nation's control over another country.

What is nationalism?

Belief that your country is better than others.

How was Canada's army and navy in 1914?

Tiny, poorly equipped.

Who did Prime Minister Borden appoint to organize troops?

Sam Hughes

According to the Schlieffen Plan, what was Germany's assumption about France?

France will send troops to the border

According to the Schlieffen Plan, what was Germany's goal?

Germany will send troops through Belgium and enter France from the north, also capturing Paris

According to the Schlieffen Plan, what would happen after Paris was overthrown?

German troops would travel east to defeat Russia

What actually happened when Germany enacted the Schlieffen Plan?

Belgium puts up resistance against the Germans.

What was the result of Belgium's alliance with Britain?

Britain gets its troops on the European mainland

How did Russia react when Germany enacted the Schlieffen Plan?

Russia was quick in preparation for war

What is trench warfare?

7-8 feet deep well defended ditches.

What were trenches made from?

Sandbags, boards, mud, and branches.

What does 'Going over the Top' mean?

Thousands of men ran out of trenches to attack enemy defenses.

What is The Front?

The first line of Trenches.

What are Communication Trenches?

Directly behind the front lines where troops traveled to and from the front line.

What is No Man's Land?

Separating the front line of the opposing armies

What rifle replaced the Ross rifle?

Lee-Enfields

Who developed the first tank prototype?

Britain

Where was the first large-scale attack of poison gas?

Second Ypres in 1915

Who used mustard gas in 1917?

Germany

What symptoms did mustard gas have on its victims?

Attack skin, blinding victims

What were WW1 submarines known as?

U-boats

Who created the McAdam Shovel?

Sam Hughes

What was the purpose of the hole in the McAdam Shovel?

Protect from gunfire, and a sniper shield

What are Zeppelins also known as?

Blimps or airships

When was the Halifax Explosion?

December 6, 1917

Which ships were involved in the Halifax Explosion?

SS Imo and the Mont-Blanc.

What village was destroyed during the Halifax Explosion?

Turtle Grove, Mi'kmaq village

What new weapon was used at Ypres?

Chlorine Gas

What symptoms did Chlorine gas give the victims?

Tissue damage, asphyxiation, lung damage and blindness

What was Canada's Significance in the Battle of Ypres?

Holding the line, and the KItchener Wood Battalions push

When did the Battle of Passchendaele take place?

July - November 1917

Who was reluctant to pursue the battle of Passchendaele?

Arthur Currie

What allowed the Allies to take Passchendaele?

Canadian corps.

Who was the first Canadian appointed to command Canada’s troops?

Arthur Currie

When did the battle of Vimy Ridge take place?

1917

What was the plan for the battle of Vimy Ridge?

Creeping barrage

When did the battle of Somme take place?

August 30 1916

What weapons were used during the battle of Somme?

Machine guns, Artillery cannons

What day had 20,200 men killed and 37,000 wounded during the battle of Somme?

July 1st 1916

When was the Versailles Treaty signed?

June 28 1919

Who represented Britain in the Treaty of Versailles?

David Lloyd George

What was Georges Clemenceau from France's priority for the Treaty of Versailles?

Future security for france, and compensation

Who represented the USA in the Treaty of Versailles?

Woodrow Wilson

What were Woodrow Wilson's Priorities for the Treaty of Versailles?

Fair treaty, self-determination, and the League of Nations

What did the Treaty of Versailles say about Germany's 'guilt'?

To accept blame for starting the war

How many men was Germany's army limited to?

10,000

How much did the Treaty of Versailles have Germany pay in reparations?

11 billion pounds

When did the Winnipeg Strike take place?

May 2 - June 25 1919

When did Spanish flu hit the world?

1918-19

Who were the Famous Five?

Emily Murphy, Henrietta Muir Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney, and Irene Parlby

What dance was invented by African slaves who could not use drums?

Charleston

Why did the government declared the Charleston dance dangerous?

Jazz, promiscuous behaviour

What is a flapper?

Pushed for social change (women)

Who made Cars widely available for middle class through assembly lines?

Henry Ford

What is a stock market?

Companies can sell shares of itself to make money

What does 'Too Much Optimum for Future' refer to as a long term cause in the Stock Market Crash?

Farmers and businesses continued to expand, and banks kept giving money

What are high tariffs?

Protects local businesses, decreases demands for products

What does 'Dependence of Credit' refer to as a long term cause in the Stock Market Crash?

Debt, buying on credit

What does 'Decrease in Sale of Natural Resources' refer to as a long term cause in the Stock Market Crash?

Demand for canadian resources went down after 1928, making some people fired

What is another name for the Stock Market crash (also short term causes)?

Black Tuesday

What is a Bennett Buggy?

Removed the car engine of cars and replaced with horses because of expensive fuel

What natural disaster hit Western Ontario in the 30s?

Drought

Who founded the Communist party of Canada in 1921?

Tim buck

When was the Co-operative CommonWealth Federation founded?

Founded : 1921-1923

What were William Alberheart's (Social Credit Party founder) main beliefs?

helping the Farmers will solve the depression

Who founded the Union Nationale?

Maurice Duplessis

What was the reason for Residential Schools?

Government policy of assimilation

What are the Long term effects of residential schools?

Lost native culture/traditions and language, legacy of alcohol /drug abuse

What are some reasons Germany was in chaos after WW1?

People blame Government signing Treaty of Versailles, Very high Debt, Rineland taken over by France

What are the Nazi Policies in Mshdra?

Militarism, Racial Hierarchy (Germans are master race), Social Darwinism, Anti-semetism

What are the Long Term Causes for WW2 (VIR IN PP)?

Isolation, Violation of Treaty of Versailles, Rise of Nazi Party, Ineffective League of Nations

What is the short term cause for WW2?

Invasion of Poland

Who Was a ruthless dictator who helped industrialize USSR, but also killed many?

Joseph Stalin

When was the Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact?

1939

What is fascism?

Ruled by a single ruler or party with unrestricted power, used violence and intimidation to maintain power

Who created fascism, and leader of Italy?

Benito Mussolini

What did the Pact of Steel state?

Germany and Italy have joint economy and military

Who was Prime minister suring the Conscription Crisis.?

William mackenzie king

What is Sonderkommandos?

Jew men 25 - 35 taken from ranks to do the actual killing

What was the name of the plane that dropped atomic bomb (little boy) on Hiroshima?

Enola Gay

What was the name of the bomb that dropped on Hiroshima?

Little Boy

What was the name of the bomb dropped on Nagasaki?

Fat Man

What did Nuremberg Laws state?

Defined anyone with ¾ jewish grandparents Jewish, and were called subjects not citizens

What Act Permitted to seize Japanese-Canadian property and remove them from their homes?

War Measures Act

What were the living conditions of the Japanese internment camps?

Primitive, with no electricity

Were Men between 18-45 years of age were separated and forced to work on farms or repairing roads in German/Italian or japanese concentration camps?

Camps (Japanese)

When did the VJ Day take place?

Japanese surrendered days after bomb on Nagasaki

When did VE day take place?

May 8

Why did Canada commission troops to Hong Kong?

Protect Hong Kong

When was the battle of Dieppe?

1942

Who fought the the Battle of Dieppe?

Mostly canadians