Stem test skeletal system

Joint

A place where two bones come together

Marrow

two typed of soft connective tissue; red bone and yellow bone

Compact bone

A thick layer behind the membrane; hard and dense but not solid; a dense bone found in the diaphysis; its repeated pattern in arranged in concentric layers of solid bone tissue; can be seen as the layer just under the periosteum

Ligaments

Tough bands of tissue that hold your bones together at your joints

Connective tissue

The connective tissue provides support for your body and connects all its parts

Epithelial tissue

Covers the surface of your body inside and out, some protects the delicate structures that lie beneath it.

Muscle tissue

Carries out movement; makes part of your body move; can contract, or shorten like the muscle cells that form it.

Vertebrae

26 small bones, makes up your backbone; connects to form the backbone or vertebral column

Organ

An organ is a structure that is made up of different kinds of tissue

Nervous Tissue

Directs and controls processes in which the body moves. Carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body

Cardiac Muscle

Found only in your heart, involuntary

Smooth Muscle

A type of tissue found in the inside of many internal body organs such as the stomach and blood vessels; involuntary

Tendon

A strong connective tissue that attaches the muscle to a bone

Skeletal Muscles

Provide the force that move your bones, appears banded, or striated voluntary

Involuntary muscles

Muscles not under your conscious control, responsible for activities such as digesting your food, breathing and more

Skeleton

your framework, made up of all bones in your body

Spongy Bone

Lighter and less dense than compact bones. A layer at the ends and under the compact bone within long bones.

Cartiledge

Strong connective tissue that is more flexible than bone

Tissue

A tissue is a group of similar cells that perform the same functions

Organ system

An organ system, which is a group of organs that work together cary out major functions

Voluntary Muscles

Muscles under your conscious control, smiling, writing and more

Example of connective tissue

Bone tissue and fat tissue

Examples of epithelial tissue

Skin

Four types of tissue

Muscle tissue, nervous tissue, connective tissue, epithelial tissue

Examples of connective tissue

Bone tissue and fat tissue

Osteoporosis

a condition in which bones become weak and break easily; causes the spaces in a bone to become larger, reducing its density and strength; caused by mineral loss as you age

Function of a skeletal muscle

Allows your body to react quickly; tires quickly

Function of a smooth muscle

Works to control certain movements inside your body, such as moving food through your digestive system; not striated; muscle reacts and tires slowly

Function of a cardiac muscle

Can contract repeatedly, striated but does not tire

Striated muscle

Muscle cells that appear banded

1

Clavicle

2

Scapula

3

Sternum

4

Ribs

5

Humerus

6

Radius

7

Ulna

8

Carpals

9

Metacarpals

10

Phalanges

11

Femur

12

Patella

13

Tibia

14

Fibula

15

Calcaneus

16

Tarsals

17

Metatarsals

18

Phalanges

19

Cranium

20

Mandible

21

Cervical vertebrae

22

Thoracic vertebrae

23

Lumbar vertebrae

24

Pelvis

25

Sacrum

26

Coccyx

Articular cartiledge

Found on the edge of long bones; smooth, slippery, and bloodless; cushions the end of bones at their joints

Cancellous (spongy) bone and marrow

found within the epiphysis and has a textured appereance where it contains red marrow

Medullary Cavity, yellow marrow

Serves to lighten bone weight and provide space for marrow; yellow marrow is associated with fat

Epiphysis

Has a thin layer of compact bone, while internally the bone is cancellous; capped with articular cartilage

Location of yellow marrow

in the medullary cavity; in the middle of the bone.

Location of red marrow

in the spongy bone

Compact bone

a dense bone in the diaphysis; the repeated pattern is arranged in concentric layers of solid bone tissue; can be seen as the layer just underneath the periosteum

Muscle pairs

one muscle contracts while the other relaxes to its original length

Simple bone fracture

Broken in one place

Comminuted bone fracture

Broken 2+ places, crushed.

Complete bone fracture

Broken, 2 separate pieces

Open bone fracture

broken, sharp piercing muscle and skin

Greenstick bone fracture

not broken completely

Immovable joints

connect bones but allow little to no movement

example of immovable joints

the joints that hold together the bones of a skull

Moveable joints

joints that allow the body to make many different movements; held together by ligaments

Types of moveable joints

hinge, pivot, gliding, ball and socket

hinge joint

allows forward movement or backward motion

ex of hinge joint

knee

pivot joint

allows one bone to rotate around another bone

ex of pivot joint

neck

gliding joint

allows one bone to slide over another

example of gliding joint

wrist

ball and socket joint

allows the greatest range of motion

example of ball and socket joint

hip

C

Articular cartilage

The articular cartilage is found on the ends of long bones. It is smooth, slippery, and bloodless

E

Cancellous (spongy) Bone, Marrow

The cancellous bone is found mainly within the epiphysis and has a textured appearance where it contains red marrow.

A

Epiphysis

The epiphysis has a thin layer of compact bone, while internally the bone is cancellous. The epiphysis is capped with articular cartiledge

E

Cancellous (spongy) bone and marrow

The cancellous bone is found on the ends of long bones. It is smooth, slippery and bloodless.

D

Periosteum

Periosteum is a vascular, sensitive life support covering for bone. It provides nutrient rich blood for bone cells and is a source of bone developing cells during growth or after a fracture. It is the outer most layer

B

Diaphysis (shaft)

The diaphysis is the shaft of the long bone. It has compact bone with a central cavity.

F

Compact bone

The compact bone is a dense bone found in the diaphysis. Its repeated pattern is arranged in concentric layers of solid bone tissue. The compact bone can be seen as the layer just underneath the periosteum.

G

Medullary cavity, yellow marrow

The medullar cavity of the diaphysis serves to lighten bone weight and provide space for marrow. Yellow marrow is associated with fat and stores it.

J

Epiphyseal line

The epiphyseal line or disk is also called the growth plate, it is found on both ends of a long Bone

Where do you find yellow marrow

Medullary cavity (core of the bone)

What type of bone is arranged in concentric layers

Compact bone

Where do you find red marrow

Cancellous bone

What is the end of the bone called?

The epiphysis bone

What is spongy bone also called

the cancellous bone

What cushions the ends of bones at their joints

The articular cartilage

What are five major functions of the skeletal system?

The 5 major functions of the skeletal system are movement, shape and support, protects organs, produces blood cells, and stores minerals

What is the function of a ligament? what type of tissue is it made out of

The function of a ligament is to hold your bones together at the joints. It is made of strong connective tissue.

Where is spongy bone found?

spongy bone is found at the end of each bone

cervical vertebrae

all of neck