police role 2

marshal

capture, arrest, and transport criminals and fugitives charged with federal crimes and offer security to fugitive family members, witnesses, and victims of their crimes

fbi

(federal bureau of investigations); conduct surveillance, gather and analyze data, monitor online activities, collect evidence, and carry out arrests

customs

processes all the persons, baggage, cargo and mail crossing the nation's borders

secret service

protection of the president, vice president and others

dea

(drug enforcement administration); Gather and prepare evidence to help prosecute major violators of U.S. drug laws.

atf

(alcohol, tobacco and firearms); misuse of firearms and explosives, firearms trafficking, acts of arson, and the diversion of alcohol and tobacco products.

irs

(internal revenue service); the collection of federal taxes and enforcement of tax laws

coast guard

Maritime Guardians, saving lives and deterring complex threats

cia

(central intelligence agency); collect and analyze foreign intelligence and conduct covert action (no law enforcement function)

inspect general

alleged fraudulent activity involving travel, time and attendance, workers' compensation, or ethics violations

special purpose police

limited jurisdiction. They have full legal police powers; arrest authority, weapon, and use emergency vehicles. limited to public property that they have been hired to protect.

private

law enforcement bodies that are owned or controlled (or owned and controlled) by non-governmental entities

local

include police and sheriff departments.

state

provides law enforcement in areas of the state where there is no local jurisdiction and for crimes that are committed in multiple jurisdictions within the state.

federal

Responsible for detection and investigation of a federal crime, not preventing it

jurisdictional overlap

-jurisdiction that can be exercised simultaneously by more than one court over the same subject matter and within the same territory

legalistic

mixed, big government, democrat
-intervene frequently and formally
-stop citizens more often, likely to give ticket, criminal law, more arrests
-stresses law enforcement function

service

suburbs, higher income, less crime, republican
-intervene frequently, warnings
-fewer tickets and arrests
-stress service function
-every citizen complaint requires police response

watchmen

mayor, mixed, democrat
-don't intervene, may or may not get ticket
-fewer contracts with officers
-high degree of discretion
-stresses peacekeeping

yankee protestant

gov should run according to laws, separate from personal relationships (legalistic, by the book)

immigrant tradition

gov is a product of personal relationships, should try to know the community, know the people and they will call and report more crimes (service and watchmen)

backbone of policing

patrol

police need to be able to...

cross borders (this is where spp comes in)

proprietary security

hires and trains security directly

contract security

renting services from an independent security company

three functions of private police

physical, information, personnel

physical security

protect people and property

information security

preventative to keep people from stealing trade secrets, formulas, inventions, theft, vandalism

personnel security

protect workers or executives from the companies (background checks, fingerprinting, investigations)

first head of the FBI

j edgar hoover

what did hoover do

-require education and training
-control base of all fingerprint files nationwide
-expansion of fbi

fbi most wanted list

public enemies, would catch or kill them, seen as professional and effective

bonaparte

began a bureau of investigation, which later became the fbi

mann act

federal offense to transport women over state lines

sedition act

recruit people to go against the government

war on communism

fbi put on people who were suspected of being communists, considered treasonists