Kinesiology Applied Anatomy

what is human anatomy

the study of the structure (shape and parts) of the human body

what is the relationship between structure and function

the way something is built affects how it works

what does the integumentary system do

protects the body from the outside environment

-skin protects you

what does the skeletal system do

provides support and structure

-your bone hold you up

what does the muscular system do

allows movement

why is applied anatomy important

it helps improve health, prevent injury, and understand the body

what is the anatomical position

standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, palms forward

what does proximal mean

closer to the body

what does distal mean

farther from the body

what does superior mean

above something

what does inferior mean

below something

what does anterior mean

front of the body

what does posterior mean

back of the body

what is the sagittal plane

divides body into left and right

what is flexion

decreasing the angle between body parts

what is extension

increasing the angle

what is the frontal plane

divides body into front and back

what is abduction

movement away from the body

what is adduction

movement toward the body

what is internal rotation

turning away from the body

how many bones are in the human body

206

what are the functions of bones

support, protection, movement

what is a lever

a system that helps move objects using force

what is a hinge joint

moves in one direction (like elbow)

what is a ball and socket joint

moves in all directions (like shoulder)

what is the order from largest to smallest

muscle, fascicle, myofibril, sarcomere

what is a sarcomere

the smallest unit of muscle (actin +myosin)

-the tiny part that actually makes muscles contract

what is an isometric contraction

muscle tightens but doesn’t move

-holding a weight still

-plank

what is a concentric contraction

muscle shortens

-lifting a dumbbell

what is an eccentric contraction

muscle lengthens while working

-lowering a dumbbell slowly

what do muscles do

movement, stability, posture,heat