SLP Praxis: Speech Science
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36 Terms
Phonology
The scientific study of the sound systems and patterns used to create the sounds and words of a language
Phonemes
The smallest units of sound that can affect meaning.
Allophones
variations of phonemes
Phonemic
The abstract system used to indicate sound, indicated with slashes (/p/)
Phonetic
The concrete production of specific sounds, indicated with brackets ([p])
Respiration
1/4 speech systems, association with inhalation and exhalation
Phonation
1/4 speech systems, associated with vibrations in the vocal folds
Resonation
1/4 speech systems, associated with modification of sounds in the nasal, pharyngeal and oral cavities
Articulation
1/4 speech systems, associated with the modification of sounds with the lips, mandible, pharynx, velum, hard palate, tongue, and teeth
/w/
Bilabial, voiced, glide
Continuant
/m/
Bilabial, voiced, nasal
Consonantal
/p/
Bilabial, voiceless, stop
Consonantal
/b/
Bilabial, voiced, stop
Consonantal
/f/
Labiodental, voiceless, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/v/
labiodental, voiced, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/th/ theta
linguadental, voiceless, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/th/ eth
lingadental, voiced, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/n/
lingua-alveolar, voiced, nasal
Consonantal
/t/
lingua-alveolar, voiceless, stop
Consonantal
/d/
lingua-alveolar, voiced, stop
Consonantal
/s/
lingua-alveolar, voiceless, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/z/
lingua-alveolar, voiced, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/l/
lingua-alveolar, voiced, liquid
Vocalic/Continuant
/sh/ voiceless
liguapalatal, voiceless, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/sh/ voiced
liguapalatal, voiced, fricative
Consonantal/Continuant
/tsh/
linguapalatal, voiceless, affricative
Consonantal
/dj/
linguapalatal, voiced, affricative
Consonantal
/r/
linguapalatal, voiced, liquid
Vocalic/Continuant
/j/
linguapalatal, voiced, glide
Continuant
/ng/
linguavelar, voiced, nasal
Consonantal/Back
/k/
lingavelar, voiceless, stop
Consonantal/Back
/g/
linguavela, voiced, stop
Consonantal/Back
/h/
glottal, voiceless, fricative
Low/Continuant
frequency
The rate of vibratory motion that is measured in terms of the number of cycles per second. Hertz is the united of 1 cycle/second.
Hertz
1 cycle/second
Octave
A doubled frequency
Note 
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