History Sophomore unit 1

Flashcards for history sophomore unit 1

Classical Cultures

Cultures that which the Renaissance was inspired by. (Greek or Rome)

Commercial Economy

Any Economy based on the buying and selling of goods.

Feudalism

A system of a single ruling noble owning pieces of land where lower classes worked

Humanism

The driving psychology of the Renaissance, a belief that all people can work for their place in society and should try to learn as much as they can to become better people. 

Silk

A popular material used for trade and cloth making.

Meritocracy

A government system where the leaders are chosen by their talent and abilities.

Spices

A popular material for trade from Asian countries that was a leading reason in why Spain wanted to travel across the Atlantic.

Silk Roads

An extensive trade route covering parts of Asia and Northern Africa.

Sand Roads

A popular trade route through parts of Africa and the Mediterranean.

Sea Roads

Trade routes that covered the oceans near and around India, the lower Middle East, and parts of the Philippines.

American Web

The American Web describes a trade route that spans from the top of modern day USA to Chile in South America

Sugar

A popular trade material that gave more influence to Europe due to plantations in the New World. 

Smallpox

A deadly disease that killed many New World slaves and settlers alike.

Sheep

A livestock that was popular in the New World; it was brought by settlers from Europe. Used for its meat and wool.

Potatoes

A New World plant that became very popular in parts of Europe.

Pigs

A popular livestock in the New World brought by ships from Europe. Used for its meat.

Horses

A revolutionary animal to the New World that became very popular with the Native Americans after being brought from Old World countries. 

Corn (Maize)

This was an incredibly popular crop in both the New and Old World. New World Origins

Columbian Exchange

When trade began between the Old and New worlds over the Atlantic Ocean.

Beans

Many different types of beans were grown in both the New and Old World.

Tribute

The sacrifice of people or materials to please a higher being

Pax Azteca

A time of peace during the Aztec empire where it prospered in farming and other achievements. 

Human Sacrifice

What the Aztecs would do to both please their gods and keep concurred cities under control. 

Great Temple

The temple the Aztecs built to honor their Sun god.

Silver

An important trade material commonly found in the New World that shot Europe into the trade networks around the world. 

Ships

The main use of transport for slaves, traders, and settlers. 

Roman Catholic Church

The main governing body of parts of Italy during the Renaissance.

Mita

A system of recruiting labor in Spanish settlements where the village elder selected men to work the refineries and smelters.

Gold

A valuable material that was traded from primarily in Africa.

Genocide

The targeted mass killing of an entire group/s of people.

Encomienda

A license given by the Spanish king that said settlers could use the New World natives as unpaid labor. 

Atlantic System

The name of the trade system where the Europeans traded for African slaves to be sent to the New World.

Tariff

A tax on any imports from another country.

Subsidies

A cut down on price that a government can give out.

Smuggling

When colonies took their products and traded with any country other then their mother country.

Raw Materials

What would be used to create manufactured goods.

Poor Laws

Any law that was put in place in order to force the lower classes to work, 

Mother Country

The country all owned colonies were forced to trade too.

mercantilism

The belief in the benefits of profitable trading. 

Merchant Marine

A type of merchant that would travel by sea.

Manufactured Goods

What would be created out of raw materials.

Joint Stock Company 

A company whose stocks are own jointly between all shareholders

Import

Any material that was being shipped into a country 

Export

Any material that was being shipped out of a country

Colony

A settlement that was set in a far away land from the Mother Land. 

Multinational Corporations

Any corporation that ran out of multiple different countries.

Middle passage 

The voyage over the Atlantic that slaves would take from Africa to the New Word

English Royal African Company, Dutch West India Company, French Compagnie du Senegal

Trading companies