Code.org AP CSP Vocab Unit 2 - The Internet

Computing Device

A machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

Computing System

A group of computing devices and programs working together for a common purpose

Computing Network

A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data

Domain Name System (DNS)

A network of servers that track the IP addresses of different domain names like example.com

Path

The series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second

Protocol

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of some system

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A protocol for sending packets quickly with minimal error-checking and no resending of dropped packets

IP Address

The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet

Internet Protocol (IP)

A protocol for sending data across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP addresses) to each connected device

Router

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

Packet

A chunk of data sent over a network

Packet Metadata

Data added to packets to help route them through the network and reassemble the original message

Redundancy

The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail

Fault Tolerant

Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

Protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

Internet

A computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open (nonproprietary) communication protocols

World Wide Web

A system of linked pages, programs, and files

Digital Divide

Differing access to computing devices and the Internet, based on socioeconomic, geographic, or demographic characteristics