Genito-Urinary Tumors

Renal Adenomas

• Small, well differentiated glandular tumors of the renal cortex.

• Asymptomatic

Renal Oncocytoma

• Well-defined capsule, rarely penetrating the renal capsule, pelvis, collecting system, or perinephric fat.

• Cross Section: Tan or light brown with central stellate scar

Renal Oncocytoma

Large epithelial cells with finely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm

(Oncocytes)

Juxtaglomerular Cell Tumor

• Causes significant hypertension

• Secondary hyperaldosteronism

• Treatment: Surger

Ultrasonography

98% accurate for simple cyst

CT scan

Primary Technique

MRI

Equivalent to CT for staging of RCC

Stage 1

Tumor <7cm in greatest dimension and limited to kidney

What stage?

Stage 2

Tumor >7cm in greatest dimension and limited to kidney

Stage 3

Tumor in veins, adrenal gland or perinephritic tissue

Stage 4

Tumor beyond Gerota’s fascia, >1 regional lymph node involved

Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

● 1% to 3% of all malignant renal neoplasm.

● Fifth decade of life

● Slight male preponderance

Radical Nephrectomy

Tx for Nephroblastoma (Wilms Tumor)

Bladder Carcinoma

It is because pf smoking, occupational exposure, chemotherapy and physical trauma

A papillary tumor with a fine fibrous stalk supporting an epithelial layer of transitional cells with normal thickness and cytology.

Undifferentiated Carcinomas

Small-cell type that resembles a lung lesion

Mixed Carcinoma

Combination of:

1. Transitional

2. Glandular

3. Squamous cell

Cytourethroscopy and Tumor Resection

Diagnosis and initial staging of Bladder Cancer

Radical Cystectomy

A bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection is usually performed simultaneously with

Malignant Neoplasm of Prostate

● For men only

● Most common type of cancer in American men

Gleason’s Sum

histologic grades of dominant and secondary glandular pattern are assigned numbers 1 to 5 (best to least differentiated)

Seminoma

• Little fried egg looking cells (large cells with clear cytoplasm and

  densely staining nuclei)

• No production of Beta-HCG or Alpha-Feto Protein (AFP)

Embryonal Carcinoma

● Aggressive tumor

● 20-30 years of age

Adult type

marked pleomorphism & indistinct cell borders

Infantile type/ Yolk sac tumor

(vacuolated cytoplasm due to glycogen & fat deposition)

Teratoma

Lobulated and contains variable sized cyst filled with gelatinous or mucinous material

Choriocarcinoma

• Aggressive – early hematogenous spread

• Small but terrible

Teratocarcinoma

combination of teratoma and embryonal cell carcinoma

Carcinoma in situ

Twice the overall incidence of bilateral testicular cancer.

Carcinoma in situ

Painless testicular mass

Leydic Cell Tumors

● Small, yellow, well-circumscribed lesion devoid of hemorrhage or necrosis.

● Reinke Crystals

Sertoli Cell Tumors

Yellow or gray-white lesion with cystic components

Gonadoblastoma

● 0.5% of all testicular tumors

● Gonodal dysgenesis

● Yellow or gray-white lesion

Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Velvety red with ulceration

Bowens disease

● Squamous cell carcinoma in situ

● Red plaque with encrustations