Exam 4- Chemistry

An electron geometry structure is a Trigonal Planar if?

All electron domains are bonding electrons

An electron geometry structure is bent if?

One of the domains is a lone pair

An electron geometry structure is tetrahedral if?

If all are bonding pairs, and contain 4 bonds. No lone pairs.

An electron geometry structure is trigonal pyramidal if?

If there is 1 lone pair ONLY on the central atom

Which of the following bonds has larger electron domains

Double bonds and triple bonds

What happens when double and triple bonds exert a repulsive force?

The bond angles get bigger

What is the electron geometry of electron group 5

Triganol bipyramidal

What is the electron geometry of electron group 6?

Octahedral

What positions are lone pairs placed?

Equatorial positions

What molecular geometry structures belong in group 5

Seesaw, T-shaped, linear, trigonal bipyramidal

What are the molecular geometries included in the group 6 electron domain.

Octahedral and square planar, Square pyramidal

What is the bond angle of a tetrahedral structure?

109.5 degrees

What is the bond angle of a trigonal planar structure?

120 degrees

What is it called when two atoms begin to share the same space

“Overlap” of orbitals causing a covalent bond to form with the same spins

What is a hypervalent molecule?

The elements that have more than an octet

What are the characteristics of a sigma bond

• Head-to-head overlap

• The electron density is arranged symmetrically around the internuclear axis

• Creates stable connections between atoms

What are the characteristics of a pi bond?

• Sideways overlap

• Electron density is above or below the internuclear axis

What are localized electrons?

Electrons shared between two atoms with a fixed position .

What are delocalized electrons

Unstable bonded electrons that can change positions/locations at any time

What are some of the characteristics of molecular orbitals?

• Max number of 2 electrons per orbital

• Electrons in the same box (orbital) have opposite spins

• Definite energy of orbital

• Visualizes electron density

What are bonding orbitals?

Constructive combos of atomic orbitals

What are antibonding orbitals?

Destructive combos of atomic orbitals.

A nodal plane occurs where electron density = 0

What is paramagnetism?

one or more unpaired electrons in an orbital

What is diamagnetism?

All electrons in the orbital are paired.

Weakly repelled by a magnetic field.

What is the electron geometry for group 2?

Linear

What is the electron geometry of electron group 3

Trigonal Planar

What is molecular geometry (M.G)?

The actual geometry of a molecule that depends on the bond arrangement and the effect of the lone pairs (change based on derivative)

• Derivative = A modified version of a basic molecule (comes from a basic shape but just with small changes.)

What is a parent molecule?

Electron geometry & molecular geometry are the same because there are no lone pairs on central atom.