3.1.3.6 - Bond polarity

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5 Terms

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Electronegativity

Atom’s ability to attract electron pair

<p>Atom’s ability to attract <strong>electron pair</strong></p>
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Polar covalent bond forms when ___

Two atoms have different electronegativities

  • BP of electrons is pulled towards the more electronegative atom

    • Greater difference in electronegativity = more polar bond

If molecule contains differing electronegativities, distribution of electrons across molecule may be uneven, producing polar covalent bond

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Dipole

Difference in charge between two atoms caused by shift in electron density in bond

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Permanent dipole

Caused by difference in electronegativity between two atoms in polar bond

<p>Caused by difference in electronegativity between two atoms in <strong>polar bond</strong></p>
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Polar molecule

Not all molecules with polar bonds are polar - if polar bonds are arranged symmetrically, charges cancel out + no permanent dipole

<p>Not all molecules with polar bonds are polar - if polar bonds are arranged <strong>symmetrically</strong>, charges <strong>cancel out </strong>+ no permanent dipole</p>

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