Ap Lang Test

Antithesis

Antithesis is the use of contrasting concepts, words, or sentences within parallel grammatical structure. It is a combination of a balanced structure with opposite ideas that serves to highlight and contrast between them.

Ex- The dark days or war behind us. The future is bright

As a society, the priveledged have the advantages, the oppressed have none

Repetition

The repetition of the same word or phrase over multiple lines or clauses to emphasize a point or theme. It can create rhythm and reinforce ideas in rhetoric or poetry.

Restatement

Stating the same idea in new or different ways

Ex- “But- in a larger sense we cannot dedicate- we cannot concentrate- we cannot hollow- this ground”

“We have partitioned, we have remonstrated, we have supplicated, we have prostrated ourselves through the throne“

Anaphora

Repetition of a word or expression at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or verses especially for rhetorical or poetic effect

ex- "I have a dream" repeated in Martin Luther King's speech.

Analogies

This is as to that is statements

ex- “A good leader is to their team as a compass is to a ship”

If, then statements

that express a conditional relationship, commonly used in logic and programming to show that one event depends on another.

ex- if we do not act, then nothing will change

if I don’t do my homework, then I will fail my class

Typically pathos

Language that “paints a picture in a readers mine and evokes emotion to persuade. This is often achieved through vivid imagery, descriptive details, and emotional appeals that connect with the audience on a personal level.

Anecdotes

Brief tangential personal stories to illustrate a rhetorical point. These stories are different from specific examples, they relate to the main topic thematically