Chem - Bonds and Structures

Electron Cloud

Where are the electrons located in an atom?

Protons, Electrons and Neutrons

What are the sub-atomic particles

Full Orbits are stable or inert or noble gases

What are full orbits?

Sharing of electrons from the outermost orbit to achieve stability

What is covalent bonding

H2, Water, Methane(CH4)

Give some examples of single covalent bonds

Oxygen

Example of a double covalent bond

The CPK coloring method is a system made for representing atoms of different elements. It was developed by Robert Corey, Linus Pauling and Walter Kolton.

What is the CPK coloring method

A laser beam was fired at a piece of graphite and the molecules were produced. However, a molecule of sixty carbon atoms with an unknown structure.

They discovered that the molecule was shaped like a ball. The molecule is called a bucky-ball.

Explain the experiment done by Harry Kroto.

When atoms of an element gain or lose electrons from their outermost orbit to become stable, they form an ionic bond.

What is an ionic bond?

True

True or False: More than one electron can pass from one atom to another in ionic bonding.

Small atoms held by covalent bonds.

What is a simple structure?

They have low melting/boiling points

Do not conduct electricity because all the electrons are tightly bonded between the atoms.

List the characteristics of a simple structure.

Giant covalent structures are repeated patterns of linkages called lattices.

What is a giant covalent structure?

Quartz is formed from Silica(Silicon + Oxygen)

What is quartz? How is it formed?

True

True or False: giant covalent structures have high melting/boiling points

Atoms which release or receive electrons become electrically charged ions. The force generated by the electric charges holds them together, forming lattice structures.

What is a giant ionic structure?

NaCl, MgO

Examples of Ionic Structures

A lot of energy is required to break these bonds.
They have high melting/boiling points
Do not conduct electricity

List a few characteristics of Giant Ionic Structures.

If the lattice is placed in water and dissolves, the ions split apart and move freely. Because they are electrically charged, the watery solution conducts electricity.

What happens if a Giant Ionic Structure is placed in water?

0,2,4,5,6,6,7,8,10,10,12,12,14,14,16,16,18,22,20,20

Recite the neuron numbers for elements 1 - 20