science exam pt.3

This set of flashcards covers key concepts in physical science, including terms related to experiments, data types, chemistry, and biological molecules.

Creation Mandate

The command or instruction given by God to humanity to steward and take care of the Earth.

Data

Information collected through observation or experimentation that can be analyzed.

Observation

The act of noticing and describing events or processes in a careful, orderly way.

Conclusion

A summary of the results of an experiment, often stating whether the hypothesis was supported.

Controlled Experiment

An experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time to isolate the effects of that variable.

Qualitative Data

Data that describes characteristics or qualities, often involves non-numerical information.

Quantitative Data

Data that can be measured and expressed numerically.

Hypothesis

A testable prediction about the outcome of an experiment.

SI unit for length

Meter (m).

SI unit for mass

Kilogram (kg).

SI unit for density

Kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³).

Physical Science

The study of the non-living systems of the Earth and the universe, including chemistry and physics.

Chemistry

The branch of science that studies the composition, structure, properties, and change of matter.

Physics

The branch of science concerned with the nature and properties of matter and energy.

Independent Variable

The variable in an experiment that is changed or controlled to test its effects on the dependent variable.

Dependent Variable

The variable that is measured and affected in an experiment.

Nucleic Acids

Biomolecules essential to all known forms of life, that include DNA and RNA.

Nucleotide

The basic building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Evidence of a Chemical Reaction

Observable indicators such as color change, temperature change, gas production, and precipitate formation.

Decomposition Reactions

Chemical reactions where one compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.

Combustion

A chemical reaction involving the rapid combination of a substance with oxygen to produce heat and light.

Exothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat.

Endothermic Reactions

Chemical reactions that absorb energy from their surroundings.

Activation Energy

The minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur.

Enzymes

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms.

Inhibitors

Substances that slow down or prevent chemical reactions or enzymatic activity.