Med Term: Chapter 5 (Cardiovascular System)

hypotension that occurs upon standing up

Orthostatic hypotension

commonly known as a heart attack

myocardial infarction

life-threatening issue when donated blood and patient's blood don't match

transfusion reaction

medication that gets rid of excess sodium and water

diuretic

damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

coronary thrombosis

clot-busting drug

thrombolytic

type of heart rhythm when normal atria heartbeat is replaced with irregular, rapid, uncontrolled twitching of the heart wall

atrial fibrillation

double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart

pericardium

surgical removal of plaque from the interior lining of an artery

atherectomy

cardi/o

heart

-crasia

mixture or blending of

-emia

Blood or blood condition

hem/o

Blood, relating to the blood

ven/o

vein

tachy-

fast, rapid

erythr/o

red

leuk/o

white

phleb/o

vein

thromb/o

clot

angi/o

Blood or lymph vessel

aort/o

aorta

arteri/o

artery

ather/o

Plaque or fatty substance

brady-

slow

anemia

A lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the blood

pernicious anemia

A form of anemia caused by a lack of the protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 , which is necessary for the formation of red blood cells

megaloblastic anemia

A blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal

hemolytic anemia

A condition of an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of these cells by the spleen

embolus

A foreign object, such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor, that is circulating in the blood

embolism

The sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus

thrombosis

The abnormal condition of having a thrombus

thrombus

A blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein or an artery

thrombotic occlusion

The blocking of an artery by a thrombus

erythrocytes

red blood cells

leukocytes

white blood cells

hemoglobin

The oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythocytes

leukemia

A type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes (white blood cells) found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood

leukopenia

A decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood

angina

A condition of episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

arrhythmia

The loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat

bradycardia

An abnormally slow resting heart rate

cardiac arrest

An event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively

tachycardia

An abnormally rapid resting heart rate

hemoptysis

The expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage

hemothorax

A collection of blood in the pleural cavity

hypercapnia

The abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood

hypoxemia

The condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood

hypoxia

The condition of having deficient oxygen levels in the body's tissues and organs; less severe than anoxia