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Traits
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TRAITS
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sex-linked traits 6
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Question: Bile is a substance secreted to help digest fats. Bile is stored in the: Answer: Gallbladder Question: Which element in the protein hemoglobin, found in red blood cells, is responsible for binding oxygen? Answer: Iron Question: When a blood vessel is injured, which of the following is responsible for clotting? Answer: Platelets Question: If CaCl2 is mixed with Na2SO4 in aqueous solution, which of the following is a possible product? Answer: NaCl Question: The Earth is about 4.5 billion years old. About how many years ago did life first appear? Answer: 3.5 billion years Question: The sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface primarily in the form of: Answer: Visible light radiation Question: Which type of rock would likely be found at the bottom of a river bed? Answer: Sedimentary Question: Which of the following statements about the Earth is true? Answer: The mantle makes up the largest percentage of the Earth’s volume Question: If an unbalanced force acts on an object, then the object will begin to accelerate according to: Answer: Newton’s Second Law Question: In meiosis, one parent cell becomes how many daughter cells? Answer: 4 Question: The potential energy of an object with a mass of 5kg that is placed 20 meters above the surface of the earth is most nearly: Answer: 981 Joules Question: One of the reasons bacteria can be so deadly is because they multiply very quickly. E. coli has a doubling time of around 15 minutes. This means that if 100 bacteria are left alone for 2 hours, they will multiply to become: Answer: 25,600 Bacteria Question: Organisms which help one another survive by providing a mutual benefit to each other are known as: Answer: Symbionts Question: In taxonomy, which classification comes after ‘family’? Answer: Genus Question: All of the following are phenotypic traits except for: Answer: Missing 22nd chromosome Question: The cell membrane is a structure composed primarily of: Answer: Lipid Question: Of the following layers of the atmosphere, which is the closest to the earth’s surface and contains the majority of clouds? Answer: Troposphere Question: Which of the following body systems is most closely associated with the immune system? Answer: Lymphatic System Question: One of the primary characteristics of a bacteria is its: Answer: Lack of a nuclear membrane Question: Which of the following planets has a perfectly circular orbit? Answer: None Question: Sound waves will travel the fastest in a medium that is: Answer: The most dense Question: A calorie is actually a measure of energy, and is equivalent to how many Joules? Answer: 4.18 Question: What is the molecular weight of the compound C2H5O? Answer: 45 Question: Craig ran 2.5 miles on his afternoon run. How many feet did he run? Answer: 13,200 feet Question: The earth’s surface is covered by approximately what percent water? Answer: 70% Question: Blood that flows back from the body will enter the heart through the: Answer: Right Atrium Question: A nerve impulse is transmitted through your nervous system primarily by: Answer: An electric potential Question: All magnets have two poles which can be used to predict the direction of their magnetic waves. These two poles are the: Answer: South and North Question: Approximately how many bones exist in the human body? Answer: 200 Question: The nucleus of an atom is composed of: Answer: Protons and neutrons Question: What is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere? Answer: Oxygen Question: As light passes through a substance, the incident angle changes, meaning the light’s entering angle is different than its exiting angle. This is an example of: Answer: Refraction Question: If one tectonic plate slides under another, the process is known as: Answer: Subduction Question: Carbon dioxide can be consumed and converted into glucose by what type of organism? Answer: Plants Question: Two separate weather fronts will have air that is of different: Answer: Density Question: Plants are autotrophs, meaning that they: Answer: Are able to produce their own food Question: Plant and animal cells both have cell membranes and nuclear membranes. However, plant cells have a structure that animal cells do not, known as a: Answer: Cell Wall Question: Muscles in the human body require what energy compound to function? Answer: ATP Question: When a human cell divides in mitosis, the two daughter cells will each have: Answer: 46 Chromosomes Question: In an electromagnetic wave, as the frequency of the wave becomes greater, what becomes shorter? Answer: The wavelength Question: Which of the following time periods is the longest? Answer: Eon Question: In the lily flower, the red color is dominant and the white color is recessive. This means that if you cross a homozygous red flower with a white one, the offspring will be: Answer: All red Question: Which of the following is a characteristic of the tundra ecological biome? Answer: Landscape dominated by shrubs and short trees Question: A train travels at 25 mph for 3 hours. How far did the train move? Answer: 75 miles Question: A solution contains 0.1 molar hydrogen ions (H+). This means the solution is likely: Answer: Around pH 1
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Traits of life
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1. Metaphor A metaphor is a direct comparison between two unlike things, without using “like” or “as.” It suggests that one thing is another, helping to convey an idea in a more vivid or symbolic way. Example: • “Time is a thief.” • Here, time isn’t literally a thief, but it’s compared to one, suggesting that time steals moments of our lives. Purpose: Metaphors allow us to convey abstract ideas in concrete, impactful ways. ⸻ 2. Simile A simile compares two unlike things using the words “like” or “as.” It’s a softer form of metaphor that explicitly states the comparison. Example: • “Her eyes sparkled like diamonds.” • This compares her eyes to diamonds, emphasizing their brilliance and beauty. Purpose: Similes help readers visualize something by comparing it to something they already know, making descriptions more vivid. ⸻ 3. Personification Personification involves giving human characteristics to non-human things, animals, or abstract concepts. This helps to make the non-human elements more relatable and alive. Example: • “The wind whispered through the trees.” • The wind is given the human trait of whispering, making it seem like the wind is capable of communication. Purpose: Personification brings inanimate objects or abstract concepts to life, often adding emotional depth. ⸻ 4. Hyperbole A hyperbole is an exaggerated statement or claim not meant to be taken literally. It’s often used for emphasis or humor. Example: • “I’ve told you a million times!” • The speaker has not literally told the person a million times, but the exaggeration emphasizes how many times they have repeated the information. Purpose: Hyperbole is often used to emphasize a point or convey strong feelings, creating a dramatic effect. ⸻ 5. Alliteration Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in close succession. Example: • “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.” • The repetition of the “p” sound makes this phrase catchy and rhythmic. Purpose: Alliteration adds musicality to writing and can be used to make phrases memorable. ⸻ 6. Onomatopoeia Onomatopoeia refers to words that imitate natural sounds. Example: • “The buzzing of bees filled the air.” • “Buzzing” imitates the sound made by bees, helping the reader hear the sound in their mind. Purpose: Onomatopoeia helps to bring a scene to life by making the language sound like the thing it describes. ⸻ 7. Oxymoron An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms to create a unique meaning or effect. Example: • “Deafening silence.” • Silence is usually associated with quiet, but the word “deafening” creates a striking contrast to show how overwhelming the silence can feel. Purpose: Oxymorons can highlight contrasts and complexities in emotions, situations, or concepts. ⸻ 8. Irony Irony is the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of their literal meaning, often for humorous or emphatic effect. There are several types of irony: • Verbal Irony: Saying one thing but meaning another. (e.g., “What a beautiful day!” during a storm.) • Situational Irony: A situation where there is a discrepancy between what is expected to happen and what actually happens. (e.g., A fire station burns down.) • Dramatic Irony: When the audience knows something that the characters do not. (e.g., In Romeo and Juliet, the audience knows Juliet isn’t dead, but Romeo does not.) Purpose: Irony can create humor, suspense, or a deeper insight into human nature or society. ⸻ 9. Euphemism A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression used to replace words or phrases that might be considered harsh, blunt, or unpleasant. Example: • “He passed away” instead of “He died.” • This softens the impact of the message, making it less direct or upsetting. Purpose: Euphemisms are often used to address sensitive topics more delicately. ⸻ 10. Antithesis Antithesis is the juxtaposition of two opposing ideas or phrases to create contrast and highlight differences. Example: • “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.” — A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens. • The contrast between “best” and “worst” emphasizes the extremes of the situation. Purpose: Antithesis helps highlight differences, often making the contrast more memorable and impactful. ⸻ 11. Allusion An allusion is a brief reference to a person, place, thing, or event that the writer assumes the reader will recognize. It’s often a reference to historical events, literature, or popular culture. Example: • “He was a real Romeo with the ladies.” • This refers to the character Romeo from Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, implying that the person is a passionate lover. Purpose: Allusions create deeper meaning by linking ideas to well-known concepts or historical events
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Conduction, Convection, et rayonnement Criteres Isolants et conducteurs Définition/processus de rayonnement, convection, et conduction Isolants et conducteurs Les conducteurs sont les choses qui facilement transfèrent l'énergie. Les plus populaires et utilisent conducteur est les métaux (cuivre, aluminium, or, argent etc.) Les isolants sont les choses qui réduisent/absorbent le flux (flow) de l'énergie, et sont utilisés pour la perte ou la gaine de chaleur. Les plus populaires et utilisés pour le chauffage sont du mousee, fibre, verre, et laine minérale. C’est quoi le rayonnement? Le rayonnement est une forme d'énergie, qui avance (travel) dans les vagues(sans particules) ou particules. Cela inclut des types d'énergie comme la lumière, la chaleur, qui produisent les rayons invisibles . La radiation peut être naturelle, comme celle du soleil, ou artificielle, comme traitements médicaux comme la radiothérapie. Particules relâcher (release) l'énergie quand en contact avec des chimiques, qui cause un réaction chimique, ou un température élevée. Quand cette énergie a été émise, elle voyage dans l’espace (space as in space in between one and another) et/ou à travers des matériaux. Par exemple, le rayonnement du soleil, avec une température très chaude, crée des rayonnements, qui se déplacent vers terre, et nous réchauffent. C’est quoi conduction? Conduction est le transfert d'énergie entre un matériau qui ont l'énergie, et un qui n’a pas. (Chaud et froid) Cet événement se déplace parce que l'énergie dans les particules de matière (the mouvement) se touche avec des autres particules d’autres matières, et quand touche transfèrent l'énergie. Par exemple, un pot avec des œufs. Le chaleur du feu qui chauffe le pot transfert un fraction d’énergie au pot, et le pot transfère une fraction de son énergie au les oeufs, et les oeufs cuits. C’est quoi convection? Convection est quand les particules dans un liquide/gaz qui sont chauffés, sont moins dense et se déplacent en haut parce qu'elles sont moins dense. Les particules froides coulant au bas, et se réchauffent, et devient moins dense, que créer un boucle (loop). En nature, le vent est un bon exemple de convection. Pendant le jour, le sol besoin/absorbent plus d'énergie du soleil que le mer/eau, donc l’air autour du terre s'élève place c’est plus chaud, et l’air plus froid de mer se déplacer pour remplacer l' espace vide, l’air du mer qui se déplace s'élève, et créer un boucle
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