Neurons, Neurotransmitters, Nervous Systems (AP Psych)

⭐ Model answer: An action potential begins when the membrane reaches its threshold, causing sodium ion channels to open. Sodium ions enter the neurone, making the inside of the membrane more positive. Depolarisation occurs because the membrane potential becomes less negative and then positive. Potassium ions leave the neurone, causing the membrane to become negative again, known as repolarisation. Myelinated neurones have a myelin sheath which insulates the axon and increases the speed of impulse transmission. Nodes of Ranvier are gaps in the myelin sheath where the action potential is regenerated. Saltatory conduction occurs because the impulse effectively jumps from node to node, allowing it to travel much faster.

Mechanism of Saltatory Conduction and Action Potential Propagation

Mechanisms of Saltatory Conduction and Neural Propagation in Myelinated Axons

Anatomy and Physiology of Neuronal Structures

Exhaustive Notes on Axonal Action Potentials, Ion Channels, and Synaptic Transmission

Action Potential Physiology, Neuronal Morphology, and Conduction Biophysics

Behavioral Neuroscience - Action Potential

Neurons and Brain Cells — Comprehensive Study Notes

Unit 1a: Neurons and Neuroanatomy

Biopsychology: Neuronal Structure and Communication

Comprehensive Guide to Electrical Transmission in an Axon

Neuronal Action Potentials, Axonal Conduction, and Chemical Synaptic Transmission

Saltatory Conduction and Myelination

Lecture 6 Physiology Module 3

NL TO 2-3

Comprehensive Notes on Neuron Anatomy and Nervous System Classification and Impulse Conduction

Introduction to Neurons

Neurophysiology of Sensory Receptors and Somatosensory Pathways

The myelin sheath