Unit 1 Study
Guide Review
1. Anatomy =
study the structures
(ex:
names/locations of bones)
Physiology =
study the functions
(ex: how bones
heal)
Both are
needed to understand the body
2. Homeostasis
= maintaining stable body
conditions; controlled using feedback systems
3. During
exercise = heart rate increased
After exercise
= heart rate decreased
Negative
feedback was used to return the
heart back to its normal resting rate
4.
Chemical =
oxygen
Cell = muscle
cell
Tissue =
muscle tissue
Organ =
stomach
Organ system =
digestive system
Organism =
human
5. Frontal =
divides body into front and back
Transverse =
divides body into top and bottom
Midsagittal =
divides body into left and right
6.
Responsiveness
= waking up to an alarm,
feeling hungry after smelling food
Differentiation
= cells are assigned a specific
function
Growth =
children's bones increase in
length/size as they age
Reproduction =
having a bebé
Movement =
picking up a cup to take a drink
Metabolism
=digesting food to obtain energy
7.
The elbow is
proximal to the wrist
The toes are
distal to the ankle
The heart is
medial to the lungs
The ears are
lateral to the nose
The stomach is
superior to the bladder
The heart is
inferior to the brain
The muscle is
superficial to the bones
The muscle is
deep to the skin
The eyes are
anterior to the brain
The spine is
posterior to the collarbone
8. Receptor
=picks up info about the body
(ex: blood pressure)
Control Center
= decides if action is needed
(ex: lower blood pressure)
Effector =
takes action
(ex: increases
width of blood vessels to lessen
pressure)
9. Front =
frontal,anterior, ventral
Back =
posterior, dorsal
10. Negative
Feedback = reverses a change in
the body; most
commonly used;
ex: lowering
blood sugar back to normal after
a meal
Positive
feedback = increases a change in the
body; used for emergency/special situations;
ex: increasing
the frequency and strength of
contractions
during childbirth
11. Face
upright, palms forward (supine),
weight even on
both feet, arms slightly away
from body
12. Cephalic
(head), Cervical (neck),
upper limb
(arm), trunk (torso), lower limb (leg)
13. Sweat
(will cool the body)
14. Shiver
(will warm the body)
15. More
oxygen and nutrients need to be
delivered to
muscles quickly and carbon dioxide
removed;
increased heart rate allows for this
16. People
with better cardiovascular health
will return to
resting heart rate after exercise
more quickly
due to conditioning and a stronger
heart
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