The Jabberwocky * A nonsense poem by Lewis Carroll. * A young hero is warned about the dangerous Jabberwock. * He goes on a quest and kills the monster. * Theme: bravery and heroism. * Important: The poem uses many made-up words, but readers can still understand the story through context. ⸻ The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time * Christopher Boone investigates the death of a neighbor’s dog. * He discovers family secrets, including that his mother is alive. * Christopher struggles with social situations and change. * Theme: * Truth vs. lies * Independence * Family relationships * Narrator: * Usually reliable because he tells facts. * Sometimes unreliable because he misunderstands emotions and social situations. ⸻ All Gold Canyon * A prospector discovers gold in an untouched canyon. * He carefully mines it. * Another man tries to steal it and shoots him. * The prospector survives and defeats the thief. * Themes: * Hard work * Greed * Nature’s beauty ⸻ The Thousand Dozen * David Rasmunsen transports 1,000 dozen eggs hoping to make a fortune. * Faces harsh weather and obstacles. * Egg prices drop before he can profit. * Themes: * Ambition * Greed * Risk ⸻ To Build a Fire * A man travels alone in freezing weather. * Ignores warnings from experienced people. * Cannot start a fire and dies. * Theme: * Man vs. Nature * Lesson: * Nature is stronger than humans. ⸻ The Tell-Tale Heart * Narrator murders an old man. * Hides the body. * Imagines hearing the dead man’s heartbeat. * Confesses. * Theme: * Guilt * Madness * Narrator is unreliable. ⸻ The Raven * A man mourns Lenore. * A raven repeatedly says “Nevermore.” * He becomes increasingly emotional. * Themes: * Grief * Loss * Madness ⸻ The Veldt * Parents give children a virtual-reality nursery. * Children become obsessed with it. * Technology replaces family relationships. * Theme: * Man vs. Technology ⸻ Fahrenheit 451 Plot * Guy Montag burns books. * Meets Clarisse, who makes him question society. * Begins reading books. * Escapes after turning against the government. Themes Distraction vs. Happiness People are constantly entertained but not truly happy. Mass Media Television controls people’s thinking. Knowledge vs. Ignorance Books contain knowledge; society wants ignorance. Conformity vs. Individuality People are expected to think the same. Action vs. Inaction Montag changes because he acts instead of remaining passive. ⸻ Maus Plot Art Spiegelman tells his father Vladek’s Holocaust story. Characters * Vladek = survivor * Artie = son Themes * Trauma * Survival * Family conflict ⸻ Death of a Salesman Plot Willy Loman believes success comes from popularity. His dreams fall apart. He dies hoping insurance money will help his family. Themes * American Dream * Reality vs. illusion * Family expectations ⸻ A Midsummer Night’s Dream Plot Lovers run into a forest. Fairies use magic. Everyone falls in love with the wrong person. Magic is fixed. Multiple marriages occur. Themes * Love * Appearance vs. reality * Imagination ⸻ POETRY TERMS Haiku * 3 lines * 5 syllables * 7 syllables * 5 syllables Example: Summer sunlight shines Waves crash softly on the shoreline Warm sand hugs my feet ⸻ Concrete Poem A poem shaped like its subject. ⸻ What is a Meme? A piece of media shared online that spreads an idea, joke, or trend. ⸻ Phone Manner Unit Likely covered: * Answering politely * Speaking clearly * Leaving messages * Professional communication ⸻ Iambic Pentameter 10 syllables per line. Pattern: da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM Used by Shakespeare. ⸻ Couplet Two rhyming lines. Example: The moon shines bright above the sea. Its silver light belongs to me. ⸻ Meter The rhythm pattern of poetry. ⸻ Imagery Language that appeals to senses. Example: The warm chocolate smell drifted through the kitchen. ⸻ Dystopia A society with oppression or major problems. Example: Fahrenheit 451. ⸻ GRAMMAR Nouns Person, place, thing, idea. Verbs Action or state of being. Adverbs Describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Example: * He ran quickly. ⸻ RELIABLE VS UNRELIABLE NARRATORS Reliable Tells truth accurately. Example: Christopher from Curious Incident. Unreliable Lies, misunderstands, or is mentally unstable. Example: Narrator from The Tell-Tale Heart. ⸻ IDIOMS Common examples: * Break a leg * Piece of cake * Hit the books * Under the weather Know meanings, not literal definitions. ⸻ AMERICAN DREAM Belief that hard work leads to success. In Death of a Salesman: * Willy misunderstands the American Dream. * He values popularity over hard work. ⸻ TOXIC MASCULINITY The belief that men should: * Never cry * Never show emotions * Always be tough Can cause unhealthy behavior. ⸻ FRAGILITY OF HUMAN LIFE Life is delicate and can change suddenly. Examples: * To Build a Fire * The Thousand Dozen ⸻ MAN VS NATURE Human struggles against natural forces. Examples: * To Build a Fire * All Gold Canyon ⸻ MAN VS TECHNOLOGY Technology creates conflict. Examples: * The Veldt * Fahrenheit 451 ⸻ THEATER TERMS Upstage Away from audience. Downstage Closer to audience. Stage Left Actor’s left. Stage Right Actor’s right. Wings Areas offstage. Props Objects used by actors. Scenery Background pieces. Blocking Actor movement. Costume Actor clothing. Greenroom Waiting room for performers. Backstage Area behind stage. Apron/Forestage Part of stage extending toward audience. Box Office Where tickets are sold. Run Series of performances. Fourth Wall Invisible wall between audience and actors. Cue Signal to begin action. ⸻ GRAPHIC NOVEL TERMS Foreground Closest part. Midground Middle section. Background Farthest section. Symbolism Object representing an idea. Foreshadowing Hint about future events. Flashback Scene from the past. Speech Bubble Shows speech. Thought Bubble Shows thoughts. Caption Narration box. Gutter Space between panels. Panel Single comic frame. ⸻ AUTHORS William Shakespeare * English playwright * Wrote A Midsummer Night’s Dream * Used iambic pentameter Jack London * Wrote: * To Build a Fire * The Thousand Dozen * All Gold Canyon * Themes often involve nature and survival. Edgar Allan Poe * Wrote: * The Raven * The Tell-Tale Heart * Famous for horror and suspense. The Jabberwocky * A nonsense poem by Lewis Carroll. * A young hero is warned about the dangerous Jabberwock. * He goes on a quest and kills the monster. * Theme: bravery and heroism. * Important: The poem uses many made-up words, but readers can still understand the story through context. ⸻ The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time * Christopher Boone investigates the death of a neighbor’s dog. * He discovers family secrets, including that his mother is alive. * Christopher struggles with social situations and change. * Theme: * Truth vs. lies * Independence * Family relationships * Narrator: * Usually reliable because he tells facts. * Sometimes unreliable because he misunderstands emotions and social situations. ⸻ All Gold Canyon * A prospector discovers gold in an untouched canyon. * He carefully mines it. * Another man tries to steal it and shoots him. * The prospector survives and defeats the thief. * Themes: * Hard work * Greed * Nature’s beauty ⸻ The Thousand Dozen * David Rasmunsen transports 1,000 dozen eggs hoping to make a fortune. * Faces harsh weather and obstacles. * Egg prices drop before he can profit. * Themes: * Ambition * Greed * Risk ⸻ To Build a Fire * A man travels alone in freezing weather. * Ignores warnings from experienced people. * Cannot start a fire and dies. * Theme: * Man vs. Nature * Lesson: * Nature is stronger than humans. ⸻ The Tell-Tale Heart * Narrator murders an old man. * Hides the body. * Imagines hearing the dead man’s heartbeat. * Confesses. * Theme: * Guilt * Madness * Narrator is unreliable. ⸻ The Raven * A man mourns Lenore. * A raven repeatedly says “Nevermore.” * He becomes increasingly emotional. * Themes: * Grief * Loss * Madness ⸻ The Veldt * Parents give children a virtual-reality nursery. * Children become obsessed with it. * Technology replaces family relationships. * Theme: * Man vs. Technology ⸻ Fahrenheit 451 Plot * Guy Montag burns books. * Meets Clarisse, who makes him question society. * Begins reading books. * Escapes after turning against the government. Themes Distraction vs. Happiness People are constantly entertained but not truly happy. Mass Media Television controls people’s thinking. Knowledge vs. Ignorance Books contain knowledge; society wants ignorance. Conformity vs. Individuality People are expected to think the same. Action vs. Inaction Montag changes because he acts instead of remaining passive. ⸻ Maus Plot Art Spiegelman tells his father Vladek’s Holocaust story. Characters * Vladek = survivor * Artie = son Themes * Trauma * Survival * Family conflict ⸻ Death of a Salesman Plot Willy Loman believes success comes from popularity. His dreams fall apart. He dies hoping insurance money will help his family. Themes * American Dream * Reality vs. illusion * Family expectations ⸻ A Midsummer Night’s Dream Plot Lovers run into a forest. Fairies use magic. Everyone falls in love with the wrong person. Magic is fixed. Multiple marriages occur. Themes * Love * Appearance vs. reality * Imagination ⸻ POETRY TERMS Haiku * 3 lines * 5 syllables * 7 syllables * 5 syllables Example: Summer sunlight shines Waves crash softly on the shoreline Warm sand hugs my feet ⸻ Concrete Poem A poem shaped like its subject. ⸻ What is a Meme? A piece of media shared online that spreads an idea, joke, or trend. ⸻ Phone Manner Unit Likely covered: * Answering politely * Speaking clearly * Leaving messages * Professional communication ⸻ Iambic Pentameter 10 syllables per line. Pattern: da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM da-DUM Used by Shakespeare. ⸻ Couplet Two rhyming lines. Example: The moon shines bright above the sea. Its silver light belongs to me. ⸻ Meter The rhythm pattern of poetry. ⸻ Imagery Language that appeals to senses. Example: The warm chocolate smell drifted through the kitchen. ⸻ Dystopia A society with oppression or major problems. Example: Fahrenheit 451. ⸻ GRAMMAR Nouns Person, place, thing, idea. Verbs Action or state of being. Adverbs Describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Example: * He ran quickly. ⸻ RELIABLE VS UNRELIABLE NARRATORS Reliable Tells truth accurately. Example: Christopher from Curious Incident. Unreliable Lies, misunderstands, or is mentally unstable. Example: Narrator from The Tell-Tale Heart. ⸻ IDIOMS Common examples: * Break a leg * Piece of cake * Hit the books * Under the weather Know meanings, not literal definitions. ⸻ AMERICAN DREAM Belief that hard work leads to success. In Death of a Salesman: * Willy misunderstands the American Dream. * He values popularity over hard work. ⸻ TOXIC MASCULINITY The belief that men should: * Never cry * Never show emotions * Always be tough Can cause unhealthy behavior. ⸻ FRAGILITY OF HUMAN LIFE Life is delicate and can change suddenly. Examples: * To Build a Fire * The Thousand Dozen ⸻ MAN VS NATURE Human struggles against natural forces. Examples: * To Build a Fire * All Gold Canyon ⸻ MAN VS TECHNOLOGY Technology creates conflict. Examples: * The Veldt * Fahrenheit 451 ⸻ THEATER TERMS Upstage Away from audience. Downstage Closer to audience. Stage Left Actor’s left. Stage Right Actor’s right. Wings Areas offstage. Props Objects used by actors. Scenery Background pieces. Blocking Actor movement. Costume Actor clothing. Greenroom Waiting room for performers. Backstage Area behind stage. Apron/Forestage Part of stage extending toward audience. Box Office Where tickets are sold. Run Series of performances. Fourth Wall Invisible wall between audience and actors. Cue Signal to begin action. ⸻ GRAPHIC NOVEL TERMS Foreground Closest part. Midground Middle section. Background Farthest section. Symbolism Object representing an idea. Foreshadowing Hint about future events. Flashback Scene from the past. Speech Bubble Shows speech. Thought Bubble Shows thoughts. Caption Narration box. Gutter Space between panels. Panel Single comic frame. ⸻ AUTHORS William Shakespeare * English playwright * Wrote A Midsummer Night’s Dream * Used iambic pentameter Jack London * Wrote: * To Build a Fire * The Thousand Dozen * All Gold Canyon * Themes often involve nature and survival. Edgar Allan Poe * Wrote: * The Raven * The Tell-Tale Heart * Famous for horror and suspense

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🧠 CH 9: Intelligence & Neuropsych Testing Q: What does Spearman’s theory of intelligence propose? A: A general intelligence factor called g underlies all cognitive abilities. Q: What did Thurstone contribute to intelligence theory? A: Proposed multiple primary mental abilities instead of one general intelligence. Q: What is fluid intelligence? A: Problem-solving and reasoning in new situations. Q: What is crystallized intelligence? A: Learned knowledge and experience-based skills. Q: Who developed the Wechsler intelligence tests? A: David Wechsler. Q: What are the 3 Wechsler scales? A: WAIS (adults), WISC (children), WPPSI (preschool). Q: What are the 4 WAIS index scores? A: Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed. Q: What is the Stanford-Binet test used for? A: Measuring general intelligence (IQ), especially in children. Q: What is neuropsychological testing used for? A: Assessing brain functioning (injury, dementia, learning disorders, etc.). Q: Name two major neuropsych batteries. A: Halstead-Reitan, Luria-Nebraska. ⸻ 🧠 CH 10: Personality Assessment Q: What is multimethod assessment? A: Using multiple types of assessment (tests, interviews, observation). Q: What is the MMPI-2? A: A true/false personality test measuring psychopathology. Q: What are MMPI validity scales used for? A: Detecting inconsistent answers, exaggeration, or faking. Q: What is malingering? A: Faking or exaggerating symptoms for external gain. Q: What is empirical criterion keying? A: MMPI method of selecting test items based on real group differences. Q: What is the MCMI-IV? A: Personality inventory based on Millon’s theory of personality disorders. Q: What is the Big Five model? A: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism. Q: What is the Beck Depression Inventory? A: Self-report measure of depression severity. Q: What is the Rorschach test? A: Inkblot test used to assess personality and unconscious processes. Q: What is the TAT? A: Storytelling test using ambiguous pictures. Q: What is behavioral assessment? A: Direct measurement of behavior through observation or recording. ⸻ 🧠 CH 15: Cognitive Therapy Q: Who developed CBT? A: Aaron Beck. Q: Who developed REBT? A: Albert Ellis. Q: What are automatic thoughts? A: Immediate, involuntary thoughts that affect emotions. Q: What is the cognitive triad? A: Negative views of self, world, and future. Q: What are cognitive distortions? A: Irrational thinking patterns (e.g., catastrophizing). Q: What is the goal of cognitive therapy? A: Change maladaptive thoughts to improve emotions/behavior. Q: What is the ABCDE model? A: Activating event → Beliefs → Consequences → Disputation → Effect. Q: What is mindfulness? A: Nonjudgmental awareness of thoughts and feelings. Q: What is ACT? A: Therapy focusing on acceptance and values-based action. Q: What is DBT used for? A: Emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills. ⸻ 🧠 CH 16: Group & Family Therapy Q: What did Yalom emphasize in group therapy? A: Interpersonal learning and universality. Q: What is universality? A: Realizing others share similar struggles. Q: What is group cohesiveness? A: Sense of belonging within the group. Q: What are the stages of group therapy? A: Initial, transition, working stage. Q: What is the main idea of family therapy? A: The system is the problem, not the individual. Q: What is circular causality? A: Each person influences others in a cycle. Q: What is an identified patient? A: The family member labeled as “the problem.” Q: What are boundaries in family systems? A: Rules defining closeness or separation (enmeshed vs disengaged). Q: What is a triangle in family therapy? A: When tension between two people involves a third person. ⸻ 🧠 CH 17: Child & Adolescent Psych Q: What are externalizing disorders? A: Outward behaviors (aggression, ADHD, conduct problems). Q: What are internalizing disorders? A: Inward distress (anxiety, depression). Q: Which are easier to detect? A: Externalizing disorders. Q: What is a developmental perspective? A: Considering age-related changes in behavior. Q: What is resilience? A: Ability to adapt despite adversity. Q: What are Grotberg’s resilience categories? A: I have, I am, I can. Q: What is play therapy? A: Therapy using play to express emotions in children. Q: What are two types of play therapy? A: Directive and nondirective. ⸻ 🧠 CH 18: Health Psychology Q: What is health psychology? A: Study of psychological factors in health and illness. Q: Who developed General Adaptation Syndrome? A: Hans Selye. Q: What are the 3 stages of GAS? A: Alarm, resistance, exhaustion. Q: What is cortisol? A: Stress hormone released by the body. Q: What is psychoneuroimmunology? A: Study of mind–brain–immune system interactions. Q: What is chronic stress linked to? A: Increased illness risk and immune suppression. Q: What is coping? A: Strategies to manage stress. Q: What is biofeedback? A: Using feedback to control physiological functions. ⸻ 🧠 CH 19: Forensic Psychology Q: What is forensic psychology? A: Application of psychology to the legal system. Q: What is competency to stand trial? A: Ability to understand legal proceedings and assist defense. Q: What is insanity defense? A: Not guilty by reason of mental illness at time of crime. Q: What is civil commitment? A: Court-ordered psychiatric hospitalization. Q: What is an expert witness? A: Psychologist who provides testimony in court. Q: What is voir dire? A: Jury selection questioning process. Q: What is malingering in forensic settings? A: Faking symptoms for legal advantage. Q: Which test is preferred in forensic assessment and why? A: MMPI-2 because validity scales detect deception. Q: Why are projective tests not preferred legally? A: Low reliability and subjective interpretation

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