Home🧠 CH 9: Intelligence & Neuropsych Testing Q: What does Spearman’s theory of intelligence propose? A: A general intelligence factor called g underlies all cognitive abilities. Q: What did Thurstone contribute to intelligence theory? A: Proposed multiple primary mental abilities instead of one general intelligence. Q: What is fluid intelligence? A: Problem-solving and reasoning in new situations. Q: What is crystallized intelligence? A: Learned knowledge and experience-based skills. Q: Who developed the Wechsler intelligence tests? A: David Wechsler. Q: What are the 3 Wechsler scales? A: WAIS (adults), WISC (children), WPPSI (preschool). Q: What are the 4 WAIS index scores? A: Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed. Q: What is the Stanford-Binet test used for? A: Measuring general intelligence (IQ), especially in children. Q: What is neuropsychological testing used for? A: Assessing brain functioning (injury, dementia, learning disorders, etc.). Q: Name two major neuropsych batteries. A: Halstead-Reitan, Luria-Nebraska. ⸻ 🧠 CH 10: Personality Assessment Q: What is multimethod assessment? A: Using multiple types of assessment (tests, interviews, observation). Q: What is the MMPI-2? A: A true/false personality test measuring psychopathology. Q: What are MMPI validity scales used for? A: Detecting inconsistent answers, exaggeration, or faking. Q: What is malingering? A: Faking or exaggerating symptoms for external gain. Q: What is empirical criterion keying? A: MMPI method of selecting test items based on real group differences. Q: What is the MCMI-IV? A: Personality inventory based on Millon’s theory of personality disorders. Q: What is the Big Five model? A: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism. Q: What is the Beck Depression Inventory? A: Self-report measure of depression severity. Q: What is the Rorschach test? A: Inkblot test used to assess personality and unconscious processes. Q: What is the TAT? A: Storytelling test using ambiguous pictures. Q: What is behavioral assessment? A: Direct measurement of behavior through observation or recording. ⸻ 🧠 CH 15: Cognitive Therapy Q: Who developed CBT? A: Aaron Beck. Q: Who developed REBT? A: Albert Ellis. Q: What are automatic thoughts? A: Immediate, involuntary thoughts that affect emotions. Q: What is the cognitive triad? A: Negative views of self, world, and future. Q: What are cognitive distortions? A: Irrational thinking patterns (e.g., catastrophizing). Q: What is the goal of cognitive therapy? A: Change maladaptive thoughts to improve emotions/behavior. Q: What is the ABCDE model? A: Activating event → Beliefs → Consequences → Disputation → Effect. Q: What is mindfulness? A: Nonjudgmental awareness of thoughts and feelings. Q: What is ACT? A: Therapy focusing on acceptance and values-based action. Q: What is DBT used for? A: Emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills. ⸻ 🧠 CH 16: Group & Family Therapy Q: What did Yalom emphasize in group therapy? A: Interpersonal learning and universality. Q: What is universality? A: Realizing others share similar struggles. Q: What is group cohesiveness? A: Sense of belonging within the group. Q: What are the stages of group therapy? A: Initial, transition, working stage. Q: What is the main idea of family therapy? A: The system is the problem, not the individual. Q: What is circular causality? A: Each person influences others in a cycle. Q: What is an identified patient? A: The family member labeled as “the problem.” Q: What are boundaries in family systems? A: Rules defining closeness or separation (enmeshed vs disengaged). Q: What is a triangle in family therapy? A: When tension between two people involves a third person. ⸻ 🧠 CH 17: Child & Adolescent Psych Q: What are externalizing disorders? A: Outward behaviors (aggression, ADHD, conduct problems). Q: What are internalizing disorders? A: Inward distress (anxiety, depression). Q: Which are easier to detect? A: Externalizing disorders. Q: What is a developmental perspective? A: Considering age-related changes in behavior. Q: What is resilience? A: Ability to adapt despite adversity. Q: What are Grotberg’s resilience categories? A: I have, I am, I can. Q: What is play therapy? A: Therapy using play to express emotions in children. Q: What are two types of play therapy? A: Directive and nondirective. ⸻ 🧠 CH 18: Health Psychology Q: What is health psychology? A: Study of psychological factors in health and illness. Q: Who developed General Adaptation Syndrome? A: Hans Selye. Q: What are the 3 stages of GAS? A: Alarm, resistance, exhaustion. Q: What is cortisol? A: Stress hormone released by the body. Q: What is psychoneuroimmunology? A: Study of mind–brain–immune system interactions. Q: What is chronic stress linked to? A: Increased illness risk and immune suppression. Q: What is coping? A: Strategies to manage stress. Q: What is biofeedback? A: Using feedback to control physiological functions. ⸻ 🧠 CH 19: Forensic Psychology Q: What is forensic psychology? A: Application of psychology to the legal system. Q: What is competency to stand trial? A: Ability to understand legal proceedings and assist defense. Q: What is insanity defense? A: Not guilty by reason of mental illness at time of crime. Q: What is civil commitment? A: Court-ordered psychiatric hospitalization. Q: What is an expert witness? A: Psychologist who provides testimony in court. Q: What is voir dire? A: Jury selection questioning process. Q: What is malingering in forensic settings? A: Faking symptoms for legal advantage. Q: Which test is preferred in forensic assessment and why? A: MMPI-2 because validity scales detect deception. Q: Why are projective tests not preferred legally? A: Low reliability and subjective interpretation