Geography - yr 9

ETS 2023 - TEST 9 - PART 1

Thẻ ghi nhớ: STORY 9 | Quizlet

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11:Digestive System

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Good morning, I am Varun . Tulsiani, a student of B.Voc (BFSI), Semester 2 from Gujarat Technological University. I have prepared this VP-3 Project on “Loan and MSME” under the guidance of Kishan sir 1. Bank Overview Utkarsh Small Finance Bank is a scheduled commercial bank established in 2016 and operational since 2017, headquartered in Varanasi. It focuses on financial inclusion, serving rural, semi-urban areas, MSMEs, and low-income groups. Example: A village shopkeeper gets a small business loan easily. Viva Statement:The bank promotes financial inclusion by providing accessible banking services. 2. Unsecured Loan – Concept An unsecured loan is granted without collateral, based on income and creditworthiness. Types & Examples: MSME Loan: For business stock purchase Micro Loan: For small vendors Personal Loan: For medical or personal use Example: A salaried person takes ₹2 lakh without giving any asset. Viva Statement: Approval is based on financial credibility, not security. 3. Advantages & Limitations (Unsecured Loans) Advantages: No collateral Fast approval (1–2 days) Simple documents Quick fund transfer Loan credited directly after approval. Limitations: High interest (14–20%) Lower loan amount Needs good credit score Higher risk for bank Low credit score may lead to rejection. Viva Statement: These loans are quick but costly. 4. Eligibility Criteria Age: 21–60 (salaried), up to 65 (self-employed) Regular income Good credit score (700+) Example: A person earning ₹30,000/month with good credit can qualify. Viva Statement: Eligibility ensures repayment ability. 5. Documents & Assessment Documents: PAN & Aadhaar Income proof (salary slip/ITR) Bank statement Regular salary entries increases approval chances. Assessment: Credit score Income level Existing EMIs High EMIs may reduce eligibility. Viva Statement: Banks check financial stability before approval. 6. Secured Loan – Meaning & Types A secured loan is backed by collateral. Types & Examples: Home Loan: Property security Gold Loan: Gold pledged Loan Against Property Vehicle Loan Example: If unpaid, the bank can sell the asset. Viva Statement: Collateral reduces bank risk. 7. Advantages & Limitations (Secured Loans) Advantages: Lower interest (8–10%) Higher loan amount Longer tenure Example: Home loan for 20 years. Limitations: Risk of asset loss More paperwork Slower approval Example: Property verification takes time. Viva Statement: These loans are cheaper but risk asset loss. 8. Secured vs Unsecured Loans Example: Home loan vs personal loan Viva Statement: Choice depends on cost, speed, and asset availability. 9. MSMEs & Role of Unsecured Loans MSMEs are key for employment and growth. Needs: Working capital Expansion Machinery Role of Unsecured Loans: No collateral required Quick funds Maintain cash flow Example: A shop owner buys more stock to increase sales. Viva Statement: Unsecured loans support MSME growth. 10. Government Initiatives Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana – Loans up to ₹10 lakh Stand Up India Scheme – Support for women & SC/ST Credit Guarantee Fund Trust for Micro and Small Enterprises – Collateral-free loan guarantee Example: Small business gets loan without security. Viva Statement: Schemes improve credit access. 11. Digitization in Lending Online applications E-KYC Paperless process Fast approvals Example: Apply via mobile and get approval in one day. Viva Statement: Digitization makes lending fast and transparent. 12. Conclusion Secured loans are low-cost and high-value, while unsecured loans are fast and convenient. Both are essential for financial growth, especially for MSMEs, with digitization improving efficiency

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LECTURE 11 + 12: NEURONAL SIGNALING

lifespan dev unit 11-14

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Chapter 9

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APES 9

CSN BIO 251 LAB 7-11 Practical #2

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