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chapter 4 with abbreviations
chapter 4 with abbreviations
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180 Terms
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1
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The largest organ and system in the body is:
The skin
2
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Skin prevents_______ to internal organs
Injury
3
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Skin also prevents the loss of too much______ which is essential to life
Water
4
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The skin is also a ______ organ that feels heat, cold, pain, touch, and pressure
Sense
5
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Blood vessels_________ or widen, when the outside temperature is too high
Dilate
6
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Blood vessels__________ or narrow, when the outside temperature is too cold
Constrict
7
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Normal or Sign: Thinning Skin
Normal
8
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Normal or Signs: Bruises
Sign
9
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Normal or Signs: Cut in Skin
Sign
10
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Normal or Sign: Wrinkles
Normal
11
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Normal or Sign: Brown Spots
Normal
12
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Normal or Sign :Thinning of fatty tissue
Normal
13
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Normal or Sign:Flaking skin
Sign
14
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Normal or Sign:Thinning Skin
Normal
15
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Normal or Sign:Less elastic skin
Normal
16
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Normal or Sign: Reddened Skin
Sign
17
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Normal or Sign:Swollen Skin
Sign
18
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Normal or Sign: Gray Hair
Normal
19
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Normal or Sign:Orange-peel look or skin
Sign
20
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The body is shaped by
muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage.
21
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The human body has_______ bones
206
22
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Bones _______ the body's organs
Protect
23
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Two _____meet at a joint.
Bones
24
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Muscles allow ___________
movement of body parts
25
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Range of motion exercises help______
Prevent problems related to immobility
26
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Atrophy occurs when the muscle _________
Weakens, decreases in size, and wastes away.
27
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Falls can be prevented by ______
Keeping paths clear no keeping walkers or canes within easy reach
28
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Normal or Sign:Bruising on Skin
Sign
29
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Normal or Sign: Weakening of Muscles
Normal
30
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Normal or Sign: loss of muscle tone
Normal
31
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Normal or Sign: Change in ability to do routine movements or ROM exercises
Sign
32
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Normal or Sign: Loss of bone density
Normal
33
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Normal or Sign: Increased brittleness of bones
Normal
34
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Normal or Sign: aches & Pains
Sign
35
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Normal or Sign: Loss of height
Normal
36
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Normal or Sign:pain during movement
Sign
37
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Normal or Sign:increased swelling of joints
Sign
38
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Normal or Sign: white, shiny, and worn area over a joint
Sign
39
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Normal or Sign:Slowing or body movement
Normal
40
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Arthritis is a general term referring to _________ of the joints
Swelling
41
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What happens with an autoimmune illness?
The immune system attacks normal tissue in the body
42
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Osteoarthritis is common in
The elderly
43
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If an NA sees NWB on a residents car plan, the resident ________
Is unable to support any weight on one or both legs
44
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Which side should residents recovering from hip replacements dress first?
Affected (weaker side)
45
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Fractures are broken bones and are often caused by
Osteoarthritis
46
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What kind of pillow immobilizes and positions the hips and lower extremities after a hip replacement?
An abduction pillow
47
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Which of the following statements is true of a knee replacement?
A knee replacement can help restore motion to the knee.
48
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The nervous system
Controls and coordinates body functions
49
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The two main pars of the nervous system are
50
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The two main parts of the nervous system are
Central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
51
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Normal or Sign: inability to move one side of the body
Sign
52
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Normal or Sign: depression
Sign
53
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Normal or Sign:fatigue with movement
Sign
54
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Normal or Sign: shaking
Sign
55
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Normal or Sign:Decreased sense of heat and cold
Sign
56
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Normal or Sign:slurred speech
Sign
57
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Normal or Sign: decreased ability to perform ADLs
Sign
58
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Normal or Sign: slower responses and reflexes
Normal
59
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Normal or Sign: trouble swallowing
Sign
60
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Normal or Sign: confusion
Sign
61
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Normal or Sign: decrease sensitivity of nerve endings in skin
Normal
62
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Normal or Sign: violent behavior
Sign
63
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Normal or Sign: violent behavior
Sign
64
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Normal or Sign: minor short term memory loss
Normal
65
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Normal or Sign: changes in vision or hearing
Sign
66
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Residents with paralysis or loss of movement
Need physical therapy
67
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Leg exercises help
Improve circulation
68
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When helping with transfers or ambulation,
The NA should stand on the resident's stronger side
69
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The NA should always use a fair belt for safety when
Helping a resident who has had a stroke to walk
70
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Gestures are important in
communicating with a resident who has had a stroke
71
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Residents who suffer confusion or memory loss due to a stroke may feel more secure if
The NA keeps a routine of care
72
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Residents with a loss of sensation
could easily but themselves
73
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The NA should an questions that CNA be answered with
A yes or no when communicating with a resident who has had a stroke
74
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Parkinson's disease is a progressive disease that causes
A section of the brain to degenerate
75
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Parkinson's disease causes a
shuffling gait and a mask life facial expression
76
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Multiple sclerosis causes the protective ______ for the nerves, spinal cord, and white mater of the brain to break down over time
Covering
77
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For a person with MA, nerves cannot send
Messages
78
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Symptoms of MS include_____vision, fatigue, tremors, Poe balance, and trouble walking
Blurred
79
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The NA should offer _______ periods a necessary for residents with MS.
Resting
80
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He NA should give residents plenty of time to ________because people with MS down have trouble forming their thoughts.
Resting
81
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The NA should give residents plenty of time to _______because people with MS often have trouble forming their own thoughts
Communicate
82
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_______can worsen the effects of MS so the NA should remain calm and listen to residents when they want to talk
Stress
83
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The effects of a spinal cord injury
Depend on the location of the injury and the force of impact
84
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The higher the injury on the spinal cord,
The greater loss of function will be
85
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Paraplegia is a
Loss of function of the lower body and legs.
86
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Residents with head or spinal cord injuries will need
Emotional support as well as physical help.
87
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People with spinal cord injuries may
not feel burns because of loss of sensation
88
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The NA should help residents change positions at least
every two hours to prevent pressure ulcers
89
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The circulatory system is made up of
The heart, blood, and blood vessels
90
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The blood carries
Food, oxygen, and other substances cells needed to function
91
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The circulatory system removes
Waste products from cells.
92
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Normal or Sign: severe headache
Sign
93
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Normal or Sign heart pumps less efficiently
Normal
94
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Normal or Sign: chest pain
Sign
95
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Normal or Sign: swelling of hands or feet
Sign
96
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Normal or Sign: changes in pulse rate
Sign
97
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Normal or Sign: pale or bluish hands or feet
Sign
98
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Normal or Sign: fatigue
Sign
99
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Normal or Sign: shortness of breath
Sign
100
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What are three possible causes of hypertension?
Kidney disease, tumors of the adrenal glands and pregnancy
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