A&P CH1

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108 Terms
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anatomy

studies the structure of the body

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Physiology

studies the function of the body parts

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atom, molecule,organelle,cell,tissue,organ,organ system, organism

The organization of an organism

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cells

smallest unit of living things

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tissues

a group of similar cells that have a common function

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organ

structure composed of at least 2 tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.

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necessary life functions

maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness growth,digestion, excretion, reproduction and metabolism,

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integumentary system

system composed of hair, skin and nails, covery external body and protects deeper tissue

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skeletal system

system composed of bones and joints, protects and supports, provides bodys frame work for muscles

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muscular system

system composed of skeletal muscles and allows for movements and manipulation of the envioronment

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nervous system

composed of spinal cord, brain and nerves. control system of the body and responds to changes by activating muscles and glands

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endocrine system

COMPOSED OF GLANDS THAT REGULATE THE PROCESSES SUCH AS GROWTH AND REproduction

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cardiovascular system

composed of heart and blood vessels, transports blood which cariies oxygen, CO2 nutrients and waste. pumps blood

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lymphatic system

composed of red bone marrow, nodes, spleen, vessles and thoracic duct, which disposes debris in the lymphatic stream. Immune reponse.

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respiratory system

composed of nasal, pharynx, larnx, trachea broncus and lungs, keeps blood supplied with O2 and removes CO2

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digestive system

COMPOSED OF ORAL CAVITY, ESOPHOGUS liver, stomache, intestines and rectume. breaks down food and absorbs nutrients

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urinary system

Composed of kidneys, ureter, bladder and urethra, rids the body of acid-based wastes.

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reproductive system

System that functions in producing off springs

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homeostasis

the ability to maintain an internal balance even when outside world changes. dynamic state of equilibrium

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nervous and endocrine system

2 systems most responsible in maintaining homeostasis

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receptor, control center, effector

3 main parts of homeostatic control

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receptor

sensor that monitors changes and sens information in an afferent path to control center in negative feedback

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control center

determines the set point in feedback, recieves from receptor and send infor efferently to effector

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effector

responds to to feed back from the control center, shuts off or enhances stimulus

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negative feed back

homeostatic control mechanism that shuts off original effect of stimuli or reduces intensity.

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negative feed back

body tempertaure and controlling blood sugar are an example of which feed back mechanism?

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positive feedback mechanism

homeostatic control mechanism that enhances the original stimulus so that the response is accelerates

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positive feedback mechanism

blood clotting is an example of which type of homeostatic control mechanism

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anatomical position

body standing errect with palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body

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directional terms

explain wher one body structure is in relation to another

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axial parts

makes up main axis of body including head, neck and trunk

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appendicular parts

consists of limbs

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reginal terms

used to design specific areas within major body divisions

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abdominal

trunk inferior to ribs

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acromial

point of shoulder

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antebrachial

forearm

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antecubital

anterior surface of elbow

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axillary

armpit

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brachial

upper arm

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buccal

cheek

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CARPAL

WRIST

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cephalic

head

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coxal

hip

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crural

leg

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digital

fingers/toes

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femoral

thigh

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fibular or peroneal

side of leg

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frontal

forehead

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hallux

big toe

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inguinal

groin area

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mammary

breast region

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manus

hand

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pelvic

pelvis region

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nasal

nose

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oral

mouth

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orbital

eye

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palmar

palm

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pateller

anterior knee

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pedal

foot

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pollex

big toe

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tarsal

ankle

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metatarsal

top of foot

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calcaneal

heal

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dorsum

back

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gluteal

butt

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lumbar

lower back

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occipital

posterior head

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olecranal

posterior elbow

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otic

ear

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perineal

taint

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popliteal

posterior knee

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sacral

inbetween glutes

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sural

calf

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vertebral

spine

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scapular

"angle wing"

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superior

toward the head

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inferior

toward the feet

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anterior

toawrd front

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posterior

toward the back

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medial

toward the middle line

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lateral

away from the mid line

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intermediate

between medial and lateral

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proximal

closer to the trunk

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distal

further from the trunk

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