A&P CH1

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anatomy

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108 Terms

1

anatomy

studies the structure of the body

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2

Physiology

studies the function of the body parts

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3

atom, molecule,organelle,cell,tissue,organ,organ system, organism

The organization of an organism

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4

cells

smallest unit of living things

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5

tissues

a group of similar cells that have a common function

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6

organ

structure composed of at least 2 tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.

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7

necessary life functions

maintaining boundaries, movement, responsiveness growth,digestion, excretion, reproduction and metabolism,

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8

integumentary system

system composed of hair, skin and nails, covery external body and protects deeper tissue

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9

skeletal system

system composed of bones and joints, protects and supports, provides bodys frame work for muscles

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10

muscular system

system composed of skeletal muscles and allows for movements and manipulation of the envioronment

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11

nervous system

composed of spinal cord, brain and nerves. control system of the body and responds to changes by activating muscles and glands

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12

endocrine system

COMPOSED OF GLANDS THAT REGULATE THE PROCESSES SUCH AS GROWTH AND REproduction

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13

cardiovascular system

composed of heart and blood vessels, transports blood which cariies oxygen, CO2 nutrients and waste. pumps blood

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14

lymphatic system

composed of red bone marrow, nodes, spleen, vessles and thoracic duct, which disposes debris in the lymphatic stream. Immune reponse.

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15

respiratory system

composed of nasal, pharynx, larnx, trachea broncus and lungs, keeps blood supplied with O2 and removes CO2

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16

digestive system

COMPOSED OF ORAL CAVITY, ESOPHOGUS liver, stomache, intestines and rectume. breaks down food and absorbs nutrients

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17

urinary system

Composed of kidneys, ureter, bladder and urethra, rids the body of acid-based wastes.

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18

reproductive system

System that functions in producing off springs

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19

homeostasis

the ability to maintain an internal balance even when outside world changes. dynamic state of equilibrium

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20

nervous and endocrine system

2 systems most responsible in maintaining homeostasis

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21

receptor, control center, effector

3 main parts of homeostatic control

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22

receptor

sensor that monitors changes and sens information in an afferent path to control center in negative feedback

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23

control center

determines the set point in feedback, recieves from receptor and send infor efferently to effector

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24

effector

responds to to feed back from the control center, shuts off or enhances stimulus

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25

negative feed back

homeostatic control mechanism that shuts off original effect of stimuli or reduces intensity.

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26

negative feed back

body tempertaure and controlling blood sugar are an example of which feed back mechanism?

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27

positive feedback mechanism

homeostatic control mechanism that enhances the original stimulus so that the response is accelerates

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28

positive feedback mechanism

blood clotting is an example of which type of homeostatic control mechanism

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29

anatomical position

body standing errect with palms facing forward and thumbs pointing away from the body

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30

directional terms

explain wher one body structure is in relation to another

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31

axial parts

makes up main axis of body including head, neck and trunk

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32

appendicular parts

consists of limbs

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33

reginal terms

used to design specific areas within major body divisions

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34

abdominal

trunk inferior to ribs

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35

acromial

point of shoulder

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36

antebrachial

forearm

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37

antecubital

anterior surface of elbow

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38

axillary

armpit

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39

brachial

upper arm

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40

buccal

cheek

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41

CARPAL

WRIST

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42

cephalic

head

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43

coxal

hip

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44

crural

leg

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45

digital

fingers/toes

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46

femoral

thigh

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47

fibular or peroneal

side of leg

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48

frontal

forehead

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49

hallux

big toe

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50

inguinal

groin area

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51

mammary

breast region

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52

manus

hand

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53

pelvic

pelvis region

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54

nasal

nose

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55

oral

mouth

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56

orbital

eye

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57

palmar

palm

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58

pateller

anterior knee

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59

pedal

foot

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60

pollex

big toe

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61

tarsal

ankle

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62

metatarsal

top of foot

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63

calcaneal

heal

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64

dorsum

back

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65

gluteal

butt

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66

lumbar

lower back

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67

occipital

posterior head

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68

olecranal

posterior elbow

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69

otic

ear

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70

perineal

taint

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71

popliteal

posterior knee

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72

sacral

inbetween glutes

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73

sural

calf

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74

vertebral

spine

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75

scapular

"angle wing"

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76

superior

toward the head

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inferior

toward the feet

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78

anterior

toawrd front

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79

posterior

toward the back

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80

medial

toward the middle line

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81

lateral

away from the mid line

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82

intermediate

between medial and lateral

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83

proximal

closer to the trunk

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84

distal

further from the trunk

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85

superficial

closer to the surface

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86

deep

away from the surface

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87

sagittal plane

plane dividing body into left and right (median plane)

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88

frontal plane

divides bsy into posterior and anterior (coronal plane)

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89

transverse (horizaontal) plane

cross section, divdes body into inferior and superior

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90

dorsal cavity

protects nervous system organs and contains cranial and vertebral cavity

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91

thoracic cavity

cavity containing the heart and lungs

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92

ventral body cavity

cavity containing the thoracic and abdomino-pelvic cavities

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93

thoracic cavity

includes the pleural cavity, mediastinum and pericardial cavity

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94

serosa

ventral cavity is covered by this double layered membrane

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95

reproductive, respiratory, digestive, urinary

4 organ systems that open

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96

interstitial fluid

fluid inbetween tissues that supplies organs with oxygen and nutrients

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97

perietal pericardium

lines the pericardial cavity, part of the serosa

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98

visceral pericardium

membrane that covers the heart

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99

parietal pleurae

lines walls in the thoracic cavity

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100

visceral pleurae

membrane covers the lungs

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