unit 10 meteorology

climate factors include:

elevation, latitude, proximity to water, mountain ranges, wind currents, ocean currents

troposphere

all weather occurs

stratosphere

ozone layer and airplanes fly here

thermosphere

top layer

troposphere and mesosphere:

decreases with elevation

stratosphere and thermosphere:

increases with elevation

cloud formation:

air RISES, COOLS, and EXPANDS, causing water vapor to condense in the upper troposphere

fog:

low lying clouds

cloud movement:

clouds are pushed by prevailing winds

in USA + NY:

SOUTHWESTERLIES blow clouds SOUTHWEST to NORTHEASTS

percipitation:

water falls from the atmosphere and returns to the surface

lake effect:

an ABUNDANCE OF SNOWFALL happens on EASTERN parts of Great Lakes during OCTOBER-DECEMBER

when WARM lake water WARMS AIR and makes it MOIST, it..

RISES and CONDENSES, causing a lot of snowfall

snow happens on the EASTERN SIDE because of..

SOUTHWESTERLIE TRADES that push clouds in that direction

in the U.S..

SOUTHWESTERLIES INFLUENCE WEATHER

monsoons only occur in..

india, indian coast of australia, and SW US.

monsoons are caused by..

• DRY BELT/WET BELT MOVEMENTS WITH VERTICAL RAY

• SUMMER MONSOONS, WET AND HOT

• WINTER MONSOONS, DRY AND COOL

ocean currents are caused by..

WIND CURRENTS dragging water + CORIOLIS EFFECT

gyres:

5 of them circular patterns made up of 4-5 currents

el niño is..

occasionally slowing down or reversal of equatorial pacific EASTERLIES

normal years..

the wind blows TOWARDS australia/indonesia, bringing moisture and rain

el NIÑO YEARS..

EASTERLIES significantly slow, stop, or even blow to the east now, brining all warm moist air to SOUTH AMERICA instead

3 factors of el niño..

• SOUTH AMERICA gets no upwelling, causing fish and food shortages, flooding with excessive rain

• Australia/Indonesia go through droughts and wildfires

• North America has WARMER winters