Nomenclature in General Chemistry

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and definitions related to chemical nomenclature, formulas, and types of compounds discussed in the chemistry lecture.

Chemical Formula

A representation of a chemical compound that indicates the relative number of atoms of each element in it.

Covalent Compound

A compound consisting of nonmetal atoms bonded together by sharing electrons.

Ionic Compound

A compound made up of positive and negative ions that are held together by ionic bonds.

Monatomic Ion

An ion formed from a single atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons.

Polyatomic Ion

An ion made up of two or more atoms that function as a single charged entity.

Diatomic Molecule

A molecule that consists of two atoms of the same or different chemical elements, such as H2 or O2.

Hydrate

An ionic compound that contains water molecules in its crystalline structure.

Binary Acid

An acid that contains only two different elements, typically hydrogen and a nonmetal.

Oxyacid

An acid that contains hydrogen, oxygen, and another element, typically a nonmetal.

Allotropes

Different forms of the same element in the same physical state, such as carbon's diamond and graphite.

Monoatomic Anion

An anion formed from a single atom that carries a negative charge.

Cation

A positively charged ion formed when an atom loses one or more electrons.

Anion

A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.

Prefix in Naming Compounds

A word part added to the beginning of a chemical name indicating the number of atoms, such as 'di-' for two or 'tri-' for three.

Nomenclature

The system of naming chemical compounds using specific rules.

Ionizable Hydrogen

The hydrogen atoms in an acid that can be released as H+ ions when dissolved in water.

Chemical Nomenclature Rules

Guidelines for naming compounds based on their type, such as ionic or covalent, and considering prefixes and charges.

Oxyanion

A polyatomic ion that contains oxygen and another element.