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potential difference
the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts
Volts
unit for voltage
Voltmeter
A device used to measure voltage, or potential difference
Electrical working
Energy transfer by an electric current
Energy transferred (J) =
potential difference (V) x charge (C)
series circuit
An electric circuit with only one path through which charge can flow
Ammeter
a device used to measure current
parallel circuit
A circuit that contains more than one path for current flow.
Resistance
A material's opposition to the flow of electric current.
Ohms
unit for resistance
potential difference =
current x resistance
Variable resistor
A resistor whose resistance can be changed.
Characteristic graph
A graph of current against potential difference.
Linear circuit unit
The resistance does not change as the potential difference changes
Non-linear circuit element
a circuit component which has a resistance that does change
Ohm's Law
the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance