P3.2 Simple circuits

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Physics

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16 Terms

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potential difference

the difference in electrical charge between two points in a circuit expressed in volts

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Volts

unit for voltage

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Voltmeter

A device used to measure voltage, or potential difference

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Electrical working

Energy transfer by an electric current

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Energy transferred (J) =

potential difference (V) x charge (C)

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series circuit

An electric circuit with only one path through which charge can flow

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Ammeter

a device used to measure current

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parallel circuit

A circuit that contains more than one path for current flow.

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Resistance

A material's opposition to the flow of electric current.

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Ohms

unit for resistance

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potential difference =

current x resistance

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Variable resistor

A resistor whose resistance can be changed.

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Characteristic graph

A graph of current against potential difference.

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Linear circuit unit

The resistance does not change as the potential difference changes

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Non-linear circuit element

a circuit component which has a resistance that does change

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Ohm's Law

the current in a circuit equals the voltage difference divided by the resistance