HHD Revision last SAC

what is the key role of Australias health care system

it is to provide safe, effective accessible and appropriate treatment and this funded by the australian government.

aspects of the healthcare system used by youth

General practitioners (GPs), Allied health services, Alternative health services, Medicare, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS), National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS)

GP or general practitioners

are docotors who are qualified in general medicine practise, this includes them having experience in providing whole person medical care, continous care, able diangonse and treat medical conditions, non urgret health concerns, prescribe medication and refer patients to specialised. 

Allied Health Services

health professionsals outside medical, dental or nursing profesionals but and a range of profession and skills, like psychologists, concsellers, speech therpay, nutrition, physiotherpaist that youth can acces easily or often

alternative health services

focus on stimulating the body’s ability to heal via engery alignments herbal supplementation and other balancing technqiques this includes chiropratic, hypnotherpay and herbal medicine and neuropathy which can help menstrual cycle changes 

medicare

the Australians government tax funded universal public health care system, includes funding for GP's, some surgeries, specialists, public hospitals, medicines, but it does not cover amblance memeberships, private hospitials, comstic surgeries etc.

bulking billings

is when the consulting, GP practitioners does not charge above the schedule fee, results in no patient payment and no out of pocket cost

schedule fee

the amount the government considers approiate for a specific service so $43.

how is medicare funded?

through general tax so what is token out of your pay, but also a medicare levy which is a 2% taxable income that gets taken out of earning, but if someone does not have private health insurance and considered to have an high income has a additonal 1-1.15% which are all for all australian tax payers

pharmactional benefits scheme

are over 5000 medicines that are included in the list that are heavily subsidies for Australians residents, a medicare card, but patients pay a co-payment and 

criteria is to get national disability insurance scheme

you have to be under 65 years old, an Australian resident and the disability has to be permeant and life long 

adv and limitations of medicare

reduced cost for essential sevices including free treatment and accomdation in a public hospital, however there no choice of doctor for hospital and waiting lists for many treatments.

National disability insurance scheme (NDIS)

Is a government insurance team that provides funding for services and supports the eligible Australians with a disability and its goal is to allow Australians with a disability to live as independent as possible, services include libraries, therapy, speech pathology, etc.

local services that avaliable for youth is..

Doctors, Sports or recreational clubs, headspace, places of worship volunteer organisations, secondary school immunisation program

Doctors, denists or hospitals

the more medical services that are avaliable can support youth people by lowering stress when they hurt promting physical and mental well-being,also access to an orthodontist can be key to improving self-esteem as many young people are self-conscious about their teeth.

Sporting and other recreational clubs and associations

Being a part of a sporting club provides many people with the strong sense of belonging (spiritual), also participating in regular physical exercise can maintaining healthy body weight promoting physical health and well-being.

Headspace

is a youth mental foundation provides mental health services to 12 to 25 yrs provides online counselling, which can promote mental health and well being as it provides teens with a perosn to talk to about their feelings or situtions which can lower reducing stress and anxiety promoting mental health.

Places of Worships

people feel a strong sense of belonging and emotional support of place like church music and temple. Also community organisations can promote social health and well-being as people with shared opinions, values and beliefs and interact with eachother on a basis promoting communication skills. 

Volunteer organisations

 involves the St John ambulance Australia which is an organisation dedicated to caring for Australian who are sick distress suffering or danger can promote physical health and well being as they take care of injuries and illnesses

Secondary school immunisation program

offer free vaccinations at school without having to go to a GP which decreases the likelihood of attracting disease is promoting physical health and well being, also reduces stress of getting sick, improving mental health and well-being.

Australian charter of health system rights

 outlines the rights of patience consumers and other people using the health care system the writing sure it is high quality and safe all patients and staff

Three guiding principles that describe how it applies in Australian health system

1. everyone has the right to be able to access healthcare 2. The Australian government commits to international agreements about human rights which recognise everyone's right to have the highest possible standard of physical and mental well-being 3. Australia is a society made up of people with different cultures and ways of life which is respected.

What is expected from Australian health system?

having access to my healthcare needs, safety by receiving safe and high-quality care. Respect is to be shown, partnerships to ask questions, knowing information about the condition, habing privacy so having confidentiality, and being able to give feedback make a complaint if needed.

Patient rights

Information about the diagnosis, treatment with respect, participate in decisions about their care

Patient responsibilities

Treat medical staff with respect, Ask questions about cost, provide information about their past illness, ask questions when they don't understand.

Privacy and confidentiality

there are laws that outline a patients medical information that protect privacy and confidentiality, cannot discuss patients info without consent

Medical confidentiality

is a set of rules that means that anything discussed between a doctor and the patient must be kept private

Privacy

in healthcare means that were a patient of Dr medications prescribed another other personal information is kept private

Exemptions to privacy laws

 if only a patient or someone else's house or safety is seriously threatened, or when the information reduce or prevent a serious threat to public.

Factors affecting access to health

 includes socioeconomic status (cost), confidentiality, geography, location, cultural factors, schedule/time and complicated system

Cost

Limiting factor affecting a young persons access to health services as specialist doctors, dentist and health services is expensive with little coverage Medicare also having private health insurance which can be a barrier to accessing healthcare for young person earning a minimal wage.

Confidentiality

relates to the worry that the healthcare participant practitioners will disclose private information to their patients or someone else but also a fear of embarrassment and discussing personal health concerns which can make youth not want to seek help or advice.

Schedule and time constraints

youth attend school/work which would find it difficult to access health services due to scheduling appointments or Telehealth appointments and having inflexible practical clinic hours and long periods spend in the waiting room can lead to youth not getting healthcare

Geographic location

Young people living in rural regions in Australia, find it diffcult to acces healthcare services due to long distance to these places and youth can also be relying on someone to drive them to access healthcare, also rural areas have limited and lower numbers of doctors, specialist and hospitals which can reduce availability of new technology for diagnosis or treatment.

Complicated and complex like health literacy

relates to help people access understand and use health information and services in ways that promote and maintain my health, many youth believe booking appointments and using their Medicare card and another complicated system is too difficult to navigate, so youth having lower health literacy will have a greater difficulty accessing health info

Cultural factors

Include language barriers, religious beliefs, values and expectation of services are reasons why peopple prevent them from accessing healthcare. People with language barriers are much less likely to access medical services or info because they're unable to understand the advice they are given.

Digital media

Refers to the audio, video and photographic content that has been converted into a digital media file that includes websites, mobile apps, social media, games,  e-books

Telehealth consultions

a doctors appiontment that involves any form of technology, including video or telephone as instead of in person, this technology can increase access to care for patients and especially those who live in rural areas

symptom checkers

many apps and websites like Health direct, and My Dr, have web based symptoms checkers that people can access to search for symptoms they have to determine what to do when feeling unwell.

moblie apps

can be used to access specific health information on a wide range of topics, including food ingredients lists for people will allergies, excerise trackers, period apps, skin checks, which can help motivate people to be more physically active.

types of apps

beyond blue - provides a mobile and safety plan that people can carry to help them through tough times. Skin Vision - is a an app designed to evaluate mole and other skin lesions for skin cancer. Smiling mind - a medation app aimed at young Australians to support good sleep and study habits, help with sports training

search engines

alot of Australians search on goggle about their symptoms, so adding medical facts like symptoms and treatments are useful facts when basic health conditions are searched like searching headache can result in associated conditons like migraine or cold

Health complaints commissioner (HCC)

role is to resolve complaints about healthcare in Victoria and this can investigate matters an review complaints they do it independently, impartial and confidential. 

who can make a complaint and what are they about

Anyone can make a complaint to the HCC and these complaints can be access to services, quality and safety level of involvement, care and attention, respect, access and confidentiality

who are the complaints about

The complaints can be lodged about both non-registered (dietians, counsellors)and registered practitioners (doctors, midwives nurses).

what would be the outcomes

The outcomes can be apology, access to treatment change in policy or a launch in a formal investigation or refund

process of A HCC complaint

process is free, confidential impractical and involuntary. It starts at a complaint being lodged by a consumer or provider which then this complaint is assessed. If it is decliened it ends but if the complaint is more serious it can go into early resolution, formal resolution and investigation and this leads to an outcome, and finally the complaint outcome is recorded.

Early resolution

Involves least formal fastest way to resolve complaints and usually involves discussion with both parties over the phone to seek clarification

Formal resolution

Involves a series of documents steps, each leading towards finding an acceptable solution if resolution cannot be achieved investigation may be required

Investigation

A formal and detailed examination of large or highly complex matters

Challenges of digital media

misinformation - so the information found might be unreliable and may lead to a misdiagnosis and cause anxiety.  Security and privacy, as well as data collection to be stored safely and sharing data needs to be protected. self diagnosis - is diagnosing oneself without medical experts, based from online resources and youth may miss diagnosed health concerns and therefore miss out on treatment.

Opportunities from digital media in healthcare

Benefit of appropriate digital media use improves and equity and access to healthcare. It is easily accessible via apps, and is usually free or affordable.