Chapter 10 - Excretion

Osmoregulation

Process which controls the water and mineral salts in the blood.

Sphincter muscles

muscles at the base of the urinary bladder that control the flow of urine into the urethra.

larger volume of dilute

Less water is reabsorbed resulting in a(n) ________ urine.

small molecules

In dialysis, blood is passed over a dialysis membrane of a large surface area which is permeable to ________ but does not allow proteins to pass through.

C

(________) The urinary bladder is an elastic and muscular organ that collects and stores urine excreted by the kidneys.

Ultrafiltration

Process that occurs in the glomerulus.

kidneys

The organ which functions to remove waste products, excess water and excess mineral salts.

osmoreceptor cells

The hypothalamus contains ________ that can monitor the water potential of blood.

Excretion

the process by which the body removes metabolic waste products and toxic materials.

Excess salts

________, nitrogenous waste products, excess water and processed drugs and poisons from the liver enter the renal pelvis as urine.

Excess mineral salts

________, nitrogenous wastes and excess water are excreted through the kidneys through ultrafiltration and selective reabsorption of useful materials.

antidiuretic hormone

The hormone which controls the amount of water in blood, released by the pituitary gland.

Catabolic processes

________ are ‘ breaking- down processes where larger molecules are broken down to form smaller molecules.

waste products of metabolism

The ________ are excreted by the following organs:

Excessive gain

________ in water due to drinking or excessive loss due to diarrhoea or sweating will result in a change in the water potential of blood.

Metabolic processes

processes which consist of anabolic processes and catabolic processes.

Excess water

________ could also lead to an increase in blood pressure due to an increase in volume.

Ureters

narrow tubes that emerge from a depression in the concave surface of the kidney called a hilum.

Urinary bladder

an elastic and muscular organ that collects and stores urine excreted by the kidneys.

Urethra

a duct that connects the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. Urine passes through this tube to the outside.

Dialysis machine

The machine which would have to perform the functions of a kidney.