How muscles work to create movement: Applied anatomy and physiology: PE: GCSE (9:1)

Articulating bones

Where two or more bones meet to allow movement at a joint

Agonist muscle

Also known as the prime mover. The muscle of group of muscles responsible for movement and contracts

Antagonist muscle

The muscle working to produce the opposite movement to the agonist and relaxes

Biceps and triceps

An example of antagonistic pairs

Concentric contraction

shortening of muscle

Eccentric contraction

lengthening of muscle

Isotonic contration

The muscle moves under pressure. It will either shorten or lengthen

Isometric contraction

Muscle is contracted but the length remains the same

Holding a handstand

An example of isometric muscle contraction

Antagonistic pairs

Two muscles working together to bring about movement

Muscles

Pull on bones. They do not push

Upwards phase of a bicep curl

Agonist - biceps. They contract concentrically

Extension of the knee

Agonist - quadriceps, Antagonist - hamstrings

Pointing the toes

Antagonist - tibialis anterior, Agonist - gastrocnemius

Flexion of the shoulder

Agonist - deltoid

Extension of the hip

Antagonist - hip flexors

Downward phase of a press up

Triceps contract eccentrically