taking a fluid sample between the 15th and the 16th week of pregnancy to diagnose congenital anomalies
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Bicornate uterus
a uterus having two horns or horn-shaped branches
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Neonate
newborn baby
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Dysplasia
marked by abnormal adult cells
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Muscular dystrophy
progressive degeneration and weakening of the skeletal muscles
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Dystrophy
condition produced by faulty nutrition
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Contractures
immobility of muscles or a joint caused by shortening or wasting of tissue or muscle fibers
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Electromyography
an electrodiagnostic assessment of the activity of the skeletal muscles
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Meninges
Covering around the brain and the spinal cord
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Anecephalic
No cranial vault and little cerebral tissue
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Foramen Ovale
opening in the septum between the right and left atria of the fetal heart
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Acyanotic
absence of a bluish appearance of the skin and mucous membranes
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Adenosarcoma
a cancerous gland like tumor such as wilms' tumor
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Ataxic
uncoordinated gait associated with pathology of the central nervous system
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Azoospermia
an absence of spermatozoa in the seaman
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Dysplasia
marked by abnormal adult cells
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Electromyography
an electrodiagnosis assessment of the activity of skeletal muscles
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Meconium
the first stool of a newborn, greenish black with a tarry consistency
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Pylorus
the narrow part of the stomach toward the duodenum
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Stenosis
narrowing of an opening
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Tachypnea
rapid and shallow breathing
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Trisomy
one or more than the normal number of chromosomes
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Anticholinesterase
any enzyme that counteracts in the presence of choline esters
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Autoimmune
an immune response resulting in the presence of self-antigens or auto-antigens of certain body cells
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Candidiasis
(moniliasis) white, cheesy, curdlike patch on buccal mucosa due to superficial fungal infection
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Collagen
A protein fiber with a unique triple-helix that gives it great strength. Tissues with a lot of collagen fibers are typically very strong, e.g. bone, tendons, ligaments, etc.
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Hematopoietic
pertaining to the production and the development of blood cells or a substance that stimulates their production
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Hypogammaglobulinemia
a below normal concentration of gamma globulin in the blood associated with a decreased resistance to infection
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Immunocompetent
Immunodeficiency
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Immunodeficiency
the diminished ability of the immune system to react with appropriate cellular immunity response
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Immunoelectrophoresis
technique used to separate and allow identification of complex proteins
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Immunogen
an antigen
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Immunoglobulin
protein that can act as an antibody
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Immunosuppressive
having the property of suppressing the bodys immune response to antigens
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Keratoconjunctivitis
dryness of the conjunctiva resulting from a decrease in lacrimal function
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Lymph
a mostly clear, colorless, transparent, alkaline fluid found within the lymphatic vessels; formed in tissues throughout the body
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Lymphadenopathy
disease of the lymphnodes
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Lymphocyte
one of two types of (B Cells & T Cells) of leukocytes found in blood, lymph, and lymphoid tissue
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Macrophage
a monocyte bloodcell
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Phagocytes
cells that digest particles
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Phagocytosis
the process by which cells surround and digest certain particles
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Acidosis
pathologic disease resulting from an abnormal level of hydrogen ions (decrease in pH)
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Corticotropin
hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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Epiphyseal
the long end of a bone where bone growth occurs
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Gonadotropin
hormone that stimulates the testes and the ovaries to function
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Hyperglycemia
an increase in the normal blood glucose level
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Hyperkalemia
a greater than normal amount of calcium in the blood
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Hypocalcemia
low calcium levels in the blood
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Hypothalamus
portion of the diencephalon of the brain
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Panhypopituitarism
condition in which the entire pituitary gland ceases to function and is not producing any pituitary hormones
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Polydipsia
excessive thirst
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Polyphagia
excessive eating (me)
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Polyuria
excreation of abnormally large amounts of urine
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Pruritus
itching
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Radioimmunoassay
radiology used to detect the concentration of the antigen or the antibody or any other protein in the serum
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Somatotropin
growth hormone (GH) secreted by the anterior pituitary
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Thyrotoxicosis
a toxic condition caused by hyperactivity of the thyroid gland
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Thyrotropin
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
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Thyroxine
Also called thryoid hormone, thyroxine is produced and secreted by follicle cells in the thyroid gland. it targets all cells in the body and increases overall body metabolism.
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Triiodothyronine
hormone that helps regulate growth and development, metabolism, and body temperature
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Vasopressin
ADH. Increases blood volume. Secreted by Posterior pituitary in response to increased plasma osmolarity. Diaretics make you pee ADH - no pee. ADH stimulates reabsorption of H2O by kidnesy. Decreased urine volume, Increased blood volume and Increased Blood pressure.
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Amblyopia
reduced vision in an eye without a detectable organic lesion
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Blepharitis
Inflammation of the eyelids
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Cryotherapy
the therapeutic use of cold
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Diplopia
double vision
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Iridotomy
incision into the iris (usually with a laser) to allow drainage of aqueous humor from the posterior to anterior chamber; used to treat a type of glaucoma
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Macula
a small spot or colored area
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Meibomian
a sebaceous gland on the posterior margin of each eyelid
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Myringotomy
surgical incision of the eardrum preformed to release fluid or pus from the middle ear
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Otoscopy
visual examination of the ear using an otoscope
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Retinopathy
refers to non-inflammatory eye disorders
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Seborrhea
the excessive secretion of sebum from the sebaceous glands
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Sebum
only secretion from sebaceous glands
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Tinnitus
ringing or buzzing in the ears
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Tonometry
measure of intraocular pressure
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Tympanoplasty
Surgical repair of the eardrum
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Vertigo
loss of equilibrium or sensation of instability, dizziness
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Bulla
A fluid-filled blister that is greater than 1 cm in diameter and contains non-purulent ("clear") exudate.
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Cellulitis
an acute, diffuse, spreading, infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
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Comedo
a blackhead; as seen in achne
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Dermatome
a configured zone of skin innervated by a spinal cord segment
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Electrodesiccation
Tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark.
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Erythema
redness or inflammation of the skin produced by capillary congestion
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Exudate
fluid, cells, or cellular debris that have oozed into the tissue because of injury or swelling
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Exudative
fluid, cells, or cellular debris that have oozed into the tissue because of injury or swelling
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Fissure
a crack or groove on a surface
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Keratolytic
substance that causes shedding of the skin
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Keratosis
a skin lesion where there is overgrowth and thickening of a cornifield epithelium
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Nevus
(mole) circumscribed skin lesion due to excess melanocytes
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Papule
a circular area on the skin that is reddened and elevated
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Plaques
mounds of fat, mixed with minerals, that build up along artery walls in atherosclerosis.
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Sebaceous
Oil glands of the skin.
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Vesicle
a small, blisterlike elevation of the skin containing clear fluid
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Vesicular
Breath sounds: found over most of lung tissue. Found over lung periphery. Low pitched, soft breezy sound.
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Wheal
a smooth, round, elevated area of the skin with red edges and a white center, usually accompanied by itching; hives
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Avulsion
separation of a body part by tearing
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Bursae
A closed sac lined with a synovial membrane and filled with fluid, usually found in areas subject to friction, such as where a tendon passes over a bone.
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Calcitonin
A hormone produced by the C-cells of the thyroid gland that decreases serum calcium levels. It targets the bones (stimulates osteoblasts), the kidneys (reduces calcium reabsorption), and the small intestine (decreases calcium absorption).
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Crepitation
dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction
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Fascia
a fiberous membrane that covers, seperates, and supports the muscles