survey allied health exam 2

Desirable Traits for Health Careers

• A strong desire to help others

• A genuine concern for the welfare of patients and clients

• Empathetic

• The patience and emotional stability to deal with people of diverse backgrounds in stressful situations

What is allied health?

those health professions that are distinct from medicine and nursing.

Allied Health professionals are involved with the delivery of health or related services pertaining to the identification, evaluation and prevention of diseases and disorders; dietary and nutrition services ;rehabilitation and health systems management,

Employment in healthcare occupations is projected to grow 15 percent from

2019 to 2029 (adding 2.4 million jobs)

• due to aging population

The median annual wage for healthcare practitioners and technical occupations(such as registered nurses, physicians and surgeons, and dental hygienists) was

$69,870 in May 2020, which was higher than the median annual wage for alloccupations in the economy of $41,950.

Medical and Health Service Management

These professionals provide management and direction to the physician orhealth care organization including staffing, training, monitoring, evaluatingand compliance. They assist in the identification of potential quality improvement issues and policy and procedure development

Occupational Health and Safety Specialist

Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians collect data on andanalyze many types of work environments and work procedures. Specialistsinspect workplaces for adherence to regulations on safety, health, and theenvironment. Technicians work with specialists in conducting tests and measuring hazards to help prevent harm to workers, property, the environment and the general public

Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians

Clinical laboratory technologists (commonly known as medical laboratory scientists) and clinical laboratory technicians collect samples and perform tests to analyze body fluids, tissue, and other substances.

Community Health Specialist

Community health specialists teach people about behaviors that promote wellness. They develop and implement strategies to improve the health ofindividuals and communities. Community health workers collect data and discuss health concerns with members of specific populations or communities.

Health Information Technician

Medical records and health information technicians, commonly referred to ashealth information technicians, organize and manage health information data.They ensure that the information maintains its quality, accuracy, accessibilityand security in paper files and electronic systems. They use classificationsystems to code and categorize patient information for insurancereimbursement purposes, databases and registries and to maintain patients'medical and treatment histories

Healthcare management professionals work in both large and small practices - in larger practices…

theymay be associated with a specific clinical department such as diagnostic imaging.

clinical managers

In facilities with assistant administrators who oversee clinical departments - these individuals are sometimes referred to as…

will typically have experience in the clinical department they oversee

A rehabilitation professional such as a PT or OT overseeing the Rehabilitation department is an example

These clinical managers are typically responsible for… of the clinical department

budgets, policies, and procedures

In healthcare outpatient practices, small practices often hire

One manager to handle all of the business affairs (with the clinical policies and procedures dictated by the healthcare professionals)

• might handle oversee areas such as personnel, billing, collections, budgeting, planning, and patient flow for the entire practice

• Larger practices typically have a chief administrator with multiple assistants for these different areas

In hospitals and large healthcare practices, there are often 3 levels of administration:

a. Executive

b. Management

i. These are often called "Assistant Managers or Assistant Administrators"

c. Staffi. These are specialized professionals often serving as heads of a department

The top manager in a facility is often called the…

Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

• oversee all management and specialty staff, but are also involved in policy, planning, community outreach, and negotiations - such as with insurance companies

• must be familiar with the marketplace of healthcare services their facility/practice provides, and make sure they have the adequate spaces, equipment, and personnel to provide those services

In larger facilities with Assistant Administrators, these individuals will be delegatedduties associated with…

budget, human resources (e.g., personnel), in-service trainings, information management (e.g., patient records and patient data), and other areas associated with the business functions of the facility and practice

Managers who administrate HMO's put together…

the packages of health insurance offered to members and set the costs of those packages (e.g. ,premiums, deductibles, co-insurance, out-of-pocket maximums).

The only license that is required for health service managers is related to those who areadministrators in

nursing homes - all states require a license for that

Discipline

set of knowledge and skills related to a field of study - such as COSD - or nursing. The skills of a discipline are associated with ways of doing things

Profession

the practice of a discipline and serves as an occupation - a paying job

The role of an SLP is to prevent, assess, diagnose, and treat disorders related to:

Speech

Language

Cognition

Swallowing

History of speech-language pathology in the United States associated with medicine in GermanyFrom 1800's:

Mutitas—organic articulatory disorders

Aphonia—organic voice disorders

Psellismus—disorders of rate and rhythm as well as functional articulatory disorders

Paraphonia—disorders of vocal quality

3 areas of elocution relate to communication impairments:

Articulation - how sounds are articulated

Inflections - prosody

The Voice - voice quality / vocal function

1872 Alexander Graham Bell opened..

a school for children with communication impairments

National Association of Elocutionists established in

1882

In 1910 speech correction offered in

Chicago public schools

50% of SLP's now work in public schools

Speech is the oral expression of language, and types of speech disorders include:

Fluency disorders - a disruption to the smooth and effortless flow of speech

Speech sound disorders - an impairment affecting how speech sounds areformed together (phonology) or articulated

Dysarthria - muscle impairment causing problems with articulation and/orprosody - the tempo of speech

Apraxia - an impairment in the precision sequencing of speech sounds

Voice disorders - an impairment in voice quality, pitch, loudness, vocal flexibility,and/or stamina

Language

a shared set of symbols used to represent thoughts, feelings, and ideas.

Types of language disorders include:

a. Developmental language delay/disorder

Phonology, Semantics, Syntax, Pragmatics, Morphology

b. Dyslexia - reading impairment

c. Dysgraphia - writing impairment

d. Aphasia - an acquired disorder of language - occurs after language has already been mastered

Cognition:

the mental processes we use to perceive sensory information and understandinformation.

Cognitive communication are caused by:

f. Dementia - different etiologies

g. Traumatic brain injury - different symptoms based on right and left hemisphere.

Medical term for swallowing impairment:

dysphagia.

Dysphagia can impair any of the three swallowing stages

oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal

Stuttering disrupts the fluency of speech -the effortless flow and tempo of speech. Ithas specific characteristics including:

Repetitions - these can be of sounds, syllables, or words

• Prolongations - of sounds

• Interruptions - these are also called blocks, and result in pauses to speech

Some people who stutter develop secondary behaviors such as

rapid eye blinks ortremors of the lips and/or jaw

Speech-Language Pathologists treat stuttering though therapy techniques that aim to reduce the…

frequency and intensity of stuttering or modify the stuttering behaviors so that their impact on the flow of speech is lessened

Approximately 2% of children ages…

3-17 years stutter, but most will recover and the recovery" rates have been estimated to be approximately 88%-91%.

Voice disorders

disorders reflected in speech that is hoarse, harsh, too loud, too high-pitched, or too low-pitched

• deviates from expectations related to age, sex, body type, speaking community, communication needs, and/or performance needs.

Dysphonia

the medical term for a voice disorder. Dysphonia translates to "bad""sound"

The perceptual quality of dysphonia is variable - from

tense and strangled to low volume and breathy.

• Many people refer to a change in voice quality as hoarseness or a "hoarse" voice.

Diagnosis is confirmed with a specialty voice evaluation that includes

patient history ,perceptual examination, laryngeal function studies, and visual examination of the larynx during phonation

laryngeal videostroboscopy

The visual examination of the larynx during phonation

Dysphagia

medical term for swallowing impairment

3 Stages of swallowing

• Oral - when food first goes into the mouth, is chewed or organized to form a"bolus", and then moved to the back of the mouth in preparation for swallowing

.• Pharyngeal - when food moves from the back of the mouth, through the pharynx("throat"), and into the esophagus.

• Esophageal - when food enters through the esophagus, moves through it, and then into the stomach.

odynophagia

dysphagia can result in pain while swallowing