Tongue, Taste Buds & Taste

What are three functions of the tongue?

• Mastication

• Taste

• Swallowing

• Oral Hygiene

• Speech

• Sensitivity 

• Suckling

• Defence 

What surface of the tongue is shown in the image?

Dorsal 

What surface of the tongue is shown in the image?

Ventral 

What surface of the tongue is shown in the image?

Lateral

What are the two sections of the dorsum of the tongue?

• Anterior two-thirds 

• Posterior one-third

What separates the two parts of the dorm of the tongue?

Sulcus terminalis

What is the shallow depression of the sulcus terminalis known as?

Foramen caecum

What type of mucosa covers the dorsal surface of the tongue?

Keratinised masticatory

What vein is present on the ventral surface of the tongue?

Deep lingual vein

What structure holds the ventral of the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

Lingual frenum

What structures are on other side of the lingual frenum?

Plicate Fimbriate 

What is the function of the pilcate fimbriate?

Contains the ducts of the submandibular glands

What type of mucosa covers the ventral surface of the tongue?

Lining mucosa - thin & unkeratinised

What type of papillae make up the lateral surface of the tongue?

Folliate

What are the four types of lingual papillae on the dorsal of the tongue?

• Filliform 

• Fungiform

• Circumvallate

• Foliate 

What are the most numerous papillae on the dorsum?

Filliform

What shape are filiform papillae?

Conical

What is the diameter of filiform papillae?

2-3mm in diameter

Which structure is responsible for the rough surface of the tongue?

Filliform papillae 

What type of epithelium is the filifiorm papillae?

Keratinised (parakeratinised)

What structure does the filiform papillae sit over?

Lamina propria

Are there taste buds present on filiform papillae?

No

What is the main function of filiform papillae?

Guide food back to the pharynx for swallowing

What shape are fungiform papillae?

Mushroom shaped

How are fungiform identifiable on the tongue?

Small red raised bumps

What is the diameter of fungiform papillae?

1mm

Where are fungiform papillae more present on the tongue?

Near the tip and lateral sides

What type of epithelium does the fungiform papillae contain?

Keratinised - more vascular

What is the function of the fungiform?

Taste sensation 

What is the diameter of circumvallate papillae?

3-5mm

Where are circumvallate papillae located?

Anterior to the sulcus terminalis

What type of papillae does the circumvallate papillae contain?

Keratinised 

What is the function of the circumvallate papillae?

Taste

How many taste buds does the circumvallate papillae contain and where are they located?

100s - located in the wall of their epithelium

What is glands is contained in the circumvallate papillae epithelium?

Von ebner

What is the function of the von ebners glands?

Secrete sero-saliva to help flush and clean the trenches

What shape are foliate papillae?

Leaf-like shape

Where are foliate papillae mainly located?

Lateral surfaces

What are located on the walls of the epithelium of foliate papillae?

Taste buds

What epithelium do all the lingual papillae contain?

Keratinised - lie over lamina propria

What are the three lingual papillae associated with taste buds?

• Fungiform

• Foliate 

• Circumvallate 

What is the turnover rate for taste buds?

10 days

What are the two types of cells in a taste bud?

• Supporting cells 

• Taste cells

What are supporting cells?

• Located on the outer portion of taste buds

• Create support and structure to taste buds

Where are taste cells usually located?

Central portion of the taste bud

What makes contact with dissolved food molecules and provides a taste sensation?

Superficial taste receptors

What is another term for taste?

Gustation