Electric Fields, Capacitors, Rutherford's scattering, Momentum, Elastic and inelastic collisions

Flashcards about Electric Fields, Capacitors, Rutherford's scattering, Momentum, Elastic and inelastic collisions

What is an electric field?

A region where an electric charge experiences a force.

What is the formula for electric field strength (E)?

E = F/q (uniform field between parallel plates), E = V/d

What is the formula for the radial field around a point charge?

E = 1 / (4πϵ0) * Q / r^2

What is Coulomb's Law formula?

F = 1 / (4πϵ0) * Q1Q2 / r^2

What is the formula for Electric potential (V)?

V = 1 / (4πϵ0) * Q / r

What is the formula to calculate the work done moving a charge?

W = q∆V

What is a capacitor?

A device that stores electrical energy by separating charges.

What is capacitance (C) and its unit?

C = Q/V, unit: Farad (F)

What is the formula for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor?

C = ϵ0ϵr * A / d

What is the formula for energy (W) stored in a capacitor?

W = 1/2 * QV = 1/2 * CV^2 = Q^2 / (2C)

What is the formula for exponential discharge of voltage V(t)?

V(t) = V0 * e^(-t / RC)

What is the formula for exponential discharge of charge Q(t)?

Q(t) = Q0 * e^(-t / RC)

What is the formula for exponential discharge of current I(t)?

I(t) = I0 * e^(-t / RC)

What is the Rutherford's Scattering Experiment?

Alpha particles directed at thin gold foil. Most passed through, some deflected at large angles

What are the key conclusions of Rutherford's Scattering Experiment?

Atom is mostly empty space, Dense, positively charged nucleus

What is the formula for momentum (p)?

p = mv (momentum = mass × velocity), unit: kg·m/s

What is the conservation of momentum?

In a closed system, total momentum before = total momentum after

What is impulse?

Impulse = ∆p = F∆t

What determines if a collision is elastic?

Momentum and kinetic energy conserved

What determines if a collision is inelastic?

Momentum is conserved but Kinetic energy is not conserved (some lost as heat/sound/deformation)