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Technological Advancements
Innovations like the iron plow that improved efficiency
Guilds
Organizations setting work standards, wages, and trade regulations
Pros of Guilds
Enhanced economic opportunities, education, and social mobility
Cons of Guilds
Resulted in unclean conditions, loss of self
Effects on Feudalism
Shifted power dynamics, leading to conflicts between lords and merchants
Social Mobility
Ability for serfs to improve legal status and become free
Merchants' Rights
Gained through force against lords, challenging control through taxes and fees
