AS Level CS (9618) 2.2 The internet

Internet

"massive network of networks

World Wide Web (WWW)

"collection of multimedia web pages stored on a website

HyperText Mark-up Language (HTML)

"used to design web pages and to write http(s) protocols

Uniform resource locator (URL)

"specifies location of a web page (for example

Web browser

"software that connects to DNS to locate IP addresses; interprets web pages sent to a user’s computer so that documents and multimedia can be read or watched/listened to."

Internet service provider (ISP)

"company which allows a user to connect to the internet. They will usually charge a monthly fee for the service they provide."

Public switched telephone network (PSTN)

"network used by traditional telephones when making calls or when sending faxes."

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

"converts voice and webcam images into digital packages to be sent over the internet."

Internet protocol (IP)

"uses IPv4 or IPv6 to give addresses to devices connected to the internet."

IPv4

"IP address format which uses 32 bits

Classless inter-domain routing (CIDR)

"increases IPv4 flexibility by adding a suffix to the IP address

IPv6

"newer IP address format which uses 128 bits

Zero compression

"way of reducing the length of an IPv6 address by replacing groups of zeroes by a double colon (::); this can only be applied once to an address to avoid ambiguity."

Sub-netting

"practice of dividing networks into two or more sub-networks."

Private IP address

"an IP address reserved for internal network use behind a router."

Public IP address

"an IP address allocated by the user’s ISP to identify the location of their device on the internet."

Domain name service (DNS)

"(also known as domain name system) gives domain names for internet hosts and is a system for finding IP addresses of a domain name."

JavaScript®

"object-orientated (or scripting) programming language used mainly on the web to enhance HTML pages."

PHP

"hypertext processor; an HTML-embedded scripting language used to write web pages."