ABP - Oral

When 1st estrus of dogs

6-10months

When 1st mating of dogs happens

2years

Gravidity of bitch

Around 2 months

Whelphing/labor in dogs stages

Bitch with longhair should have their hair clipped in the perivulvar zone

3 stages of labor:

• Cervical dilation (12h)

• Expulsion of fetuses (contraction, can take 4h for 1st pup and up to 2h within eachother, higher=problem)

• Expulsion of placenta

Puppy management after birth

Take colostrum within the 1st 24h

Weighed at birth and then daily

Must be kept warm during the 1st 24h

Growth of puppies

2-3w: sleep most of the time

2-3d: Umbilical fall off

Normal locomotion at 3w

14d: Eyelid separate

6-14d: Ear canal opens

Socialization of puppies

Process in which puppies get used to the world around them

4w: intensive communication with humans and other dogs

5-6w: Puppies gain indigence and self-confidence

Learn through play

Critical period in puppies

1st: 0-5d septicemia

2nd: 2-3w (worms)

3rd: After 7w contagious disease

Sexual maturity of cats

6months

Cat’s litter father specificity

Can breed with several males so different fathers

Estrus cycle of cat

Every 3weeks untils winter/early spring or mating

Interval between each kitten during labor

30-60min

Vaccination of dogs and cats

First: 6-8w

Second: 3w-4/5months

Remind: Every year / 3 year

Pigs weaning

28 days

Pigs estrus cycle

21

Pigs pregnancy

3 months, 3 weeks more or less 3 days

After weaning when next estrus cycle happens in pigs

4-6 days after

Avg number of farrowing for sow in production

7-8

1st insemination of gilt time

7-8 monhts old

When boar are first used for breeding

8-9 months

Define farrow-feeder system

Piglets are feeded until 25kg of BW and then sold to Growing/Finishing unit

Mating intensity of boar

Max 3x/week until 9months, after 5x/week

Boar-sow ratio in the natural mating

1:25

1 ejeculate of boar can be used for AI of how many sow

5-10

Service period of sow

Lactation (28 days) and weaning-to-service (6 days) = Around 34 days

Farrowing interval of sow in intensive prod

146-149

Farrowing index of autochtonous breed

1.2

Gestation confirmation in sows

No estrus sign at +21 days, US possible at 35d

Piglet birth weight

1.4kg

Piglet weaning weight

7-8kg

Critical phases in piglets

1: Birth and acceptance of piglets + procedures with piglets after birth

2: Weaning (stress)

Piglets procedures day 1

Wipe piglet with a towel

Remove the mucus

Place piglets under heater or on warm floor

Put small piglets on the front tits (provide more milk)

Ensure colostrum taking

Check the sow after farrowing

Piglets procedures day 2/3

Teet trimming

Tail shortening or cutting (except for future breeder)

Tattoing or others identification method

Iron supplement

Creep feeding

Castration of male

Chinchilla values

Lifespan: 10-20 years.

Breeding: Pregnancy: 109-120 days (up to 3 times/year, 1-4 kits). Estrus: every 28 days. Weaning: 8 weeks (born with eyes open)

Degu values

• Lifespan: 5-9 years.

• Breeding: Pregnancy: 90-93 days (4-6 pups). Weaning: 5-6 weeks (born with open eyes).

Degu facts

Active in evening and early morning, can lose their tail

Guinea pigs values

• Lifespan: 5-10 years.

• Breeding: Pregnancy: 59-72 days (2-5 pups). Born with open eyes and hair. Weaning: 2-3 weeks.

Guinea pigs facts

Need to live in group

Hamster values

• Lifespan: ~2-3 years.

• Breeding: Pregnancy: ~16 days (2-15 pups). Pups born with closed eyes.

Rats all

• Characteristics:Weight: ♂ 300-500 g, ♀ 250-300 g.

• Lifespan: 2-3 years.

• Harderian glands present.

• Tail is "longer than body, hairless and scaly."

• Breeding:Females are polyestrous with a 4-5 day cycle.

• Males can impregnate at 5 weeks, but breeders often wait until 3 months. Females are capable of breeding at 6 weeks, but breeders wait until 4 months.

• Pregnancy: 22-24 days.

• Litter size: 8 pups (range 2-14), born hairless with closed eyes.

• Weaning: 3-4 weeks.

• Litters per year: Up to 7 (up to 60 pups per dam per year).

Mouse all

• Characteristics:Weight: ♂ 20-40 g, ♀ 18-35 g.

• Lifespan: 1-2.5 years.

• Harderian glands produce red porphyrin, which can indicate "stress, ill or poorly fed" animals if overproduced.

• Breeding:Females are polyestrous with a 4-5 day cycle.

• First mating: ~50 days for both sexes (females may have first estrus at 25-40 days).

• Pregnancy: 19-21 days.

• Litter size: 5-6 pups (range 3-12), born hairless with closed eyes and ears.

• Weaning: 3 weeks.

• Litters per year: 5-10 (up to 14 in optimal conditions).

Rabbit all

• Sexual Maturity: Varies by weight, with light breeds maturing earliest (4-5 months), medium at 5-6 months, and heavy at 8-10 months. Bucks typically mature a month later than does.

• Ovulation: Occurs "approx. 10 hrs after she is bred."

• Gestation: 30-32 days.

• Rebreeding: Does in good condition can be rebred "6 weeks after kindling," even while nursing (yielding 5 litters/year). If rebred after weaning at 8 weeks, they produce 4 litters/year. Commercial rabbitries aim for "7-9 litters per year" by rebreeding 21, 28, or 35 days after kindling.

• Breeding Ratio: In commercial settings, "1 ♂ / 10 ♀" is common, though "1 ♂ enough 20-25 ♀."

• Pregnancy Confirmation: Can be done via "looks and behaviour," "mating test (18 days after mating)," or "palpation (12-14 days after mating)."

Rabbit commercial product

Meat, pelt, fur (angora), manure

Estrous in sheep and goats

Seasonally polyestrous (photoperiodism)

Estrous cycle duration sheep

17 days

Estrous cycle duration goat

21 days

Heat duration sheep

35 hours

Heat duration goat

18 hours

Ram/bucks to female ratio

1:20-50

Sheep pregnancy duration

147 days

Goat pregnancy duration

150 days

Procedures in sheep and goats

Shearing (sheep) → wool + reduce parasites + reduce overheating

Docking (tail cutting) → reduce parasites infection + keep udder clean

Antipariste treatment of flock

Poultry type of mating

• Flock mating (few males = no tracibility + fighting): 1:8-15 heavier breed less females, fertilty = 90% for poultry

• Pen mating 1:10, less fertility

• Stud mating, female are put in male pen one by one and after mating they’re removed

Egg candling

• Day 8: see BV next to air sac

• Day 10: BV + dark spot (embryo)

• Day 19: Big air cell, embryo occupie full egg can’t see BV

Laying egg “curve”

20w: Start

28w: Peak

10-12 months later: production ends

Lactation curve in cattle

0-2w: Fast increase in prod

3-10w: Peak of production

11-20w: Linear decrease

21-32w: Slow decrease

33-34w: Fast decrease

Life cycle of a dairy cow

4 pregancies

Scheme: Calving → service period (2 months) → mate → lactation ends (lasted 305 days) → dry period (2months) → calving again (pregnancy = 285days)

Persistency dairy cattle

Calculate the difference between the first 100 days of production and the second or third 100 days; 100%-85-66%