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nerv/o
nerve
neur/o
nerve, sinew (joining fibrous tissue)
crani/o
cranium (portion of the skull that encloses the brain)
cephal/o
head
encephal/o, -encephalon
brain
cerebr/o
cerebrum (largest part of the brain)
cerebell/o
cerebellum, posterior part of the brain
pont/o
pons, bridge like, structure
limb/o
limbic (behavioral/emotional responses) system, border
hippocamp/o
hippocampus, seahorse
thalam/o
thalamus (mass of gray matter located in the diencephalon), chamber, inner room
What is the diencephalon?
thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
amygdal/o
amygdala (almond-shaped nuclei in the temporal lobe), almond, tonsil
nucle/o
nucleus (group of neuronal cell bodies), core, little nut or kernel
mening/o, -meninx
meninx (one of the three membranes enveloping the brain and spinal cord), membrane
lept/o
thin
pachy-, pach/o
thick
arachn/o
arachnoid, membrane, spider, spider-like
dur/o
dura mater membrane (brain/spinal cord), hard
lob/o
lobe
gyr/o
gyrus (stores/processes info in the cerebrum), circle, ring
sulc/o
sulcus, groove of brain, furrow, groove
fissur/o
fissure, deep groove
ventricul/o
ventricle of the brain, cavity
cortic/o
cortex (cerebrum), outer layer, bark
myel/o
spinal cord, marrow
medull/o
medulla, marrow
poli/o
gray (gray matter of CNS)
fascicul/o
fascicle, bundle, bundle of longitudinal fibers
funicul/o
funicule, rope like
radicul/o, radic/o
nerve root, root, spinal nerves
rhiz/o
nerve root, root
ram/o
nerve branch, branch
plex/o
plexus (interwoven network of nerves, blood, lymphatic vessels)
gangli/o
ganglion (group of nerve cells)
gli/o
glia (supporting tissue of the nervous system), glue
somat/o, som/o, -some
body, body of neuron
dendr/o
dendrite (part of neuron), tree, branched structure
ax/o
axon, long process of a neuron, axle, axis
not/o
the back
spin/o
spine, thorn, vertebral column
vertebr/o
vertebra, back bone
spondyl/o
vertebra
esthesi/o, esthet/o, -esthesia
sensation, perception
gnost/o, -gnosia, -gnosis
knowledge
mnemon/o, -mnesia
memory
leth/o
forgetfulness
letharg/o
mental sluggishness, drowsiness
top/o
place, spot, region
stere/o
solid, three dimensional
kinesi/o, kine/o, -kinesia
movement
mot/o
movement
prax/o, -praxia, -praxis
activity, doing, practice
tax/o
coordination, order
ton/o
tension, stretching, tone (in muscles)
spasm/o, spast/o
spasm (a sudden involuntary muscle contraction)
leps/o, lept/o, -lepsy
seizure
-ictal
seizure, strike, blow
pykn/o, pycn/o
thick, dense, frequent
pleg/o, -plegia, plect/o, -plexy
paralysis, stroke
palsy
paralysis
-paresis
partial paralysis
sthen/o
strength
clon/o
clonus (rapid contracting and relaxing, spasmadic alteration of muscle contractions)
chore/o
chorea (involuntary dancing/writhing movement), dance
narc/o
stupor, sleep, numbness
hypn/o
sleep
somn/o
sleep
sopor/o
sleep
comat/o, -coma
coma (state of unconsciousness that cannot be aroused from)
lal/o, -lalia
speech
phas/o, -phasis, -phasia
speech
phras/o, -phrasia
speech, phrase
lex/o
word, speech, reading
log/o, -logy
speech, reason, word (body of knowledge, study of)
phag/o
eat, swallow
vert/o, vers/o
turning
psych/o
mind, soul
phren/o
mind, diaphragm, phrenic nerve
ment/o
mind
no/o
mind, thought
thym/o
emotion, state of mind
path/o
feeling, disease
-phoria
bearing (mental state/well being), caring, bringing