vocab 1-9

Abridge

To make shorter Syn: Shorten, condense, abbreviate Ant: Expand, enlarge, augment

Adherent

(n.) a follower, supporter; (adj.) attached, sticking to Ant: Disciple Syn:opponent, adversary, critic, detractor

Altercation

(n.) an angry argument. SYNONYMS: quarrel, dispute, squabble.ANTONYMS: agreement, accord.

Cherubic

(adj.) resembling an angel portrayed as a little child with a beautiful, round, or chubby face; sweet and innocent Syn: Angelic, seraphic, baetific Ant: implish, devilish, diabolic, fiendish

Dissent

(v.) to disagree; (n.) disagreement. SYNONYMS: (v.) differ, dispute (n.) opposition, objection. ANTONYMS: (v.) agree, concur; (n.) unanimity, harmony.

Eminent

(adj.) famous, outstanding, distinguished; projecting Syn: illustrious, renowned Ant: obscure, nameless, unsung, lowly, humble

Fabricate

(v.) to make, manufacture; to make up, invent. SYNONYMS: put together, devise, contrive, concoct. ANTONYMS: take apart, undo, destroy, demolish.

Irate

(adj.) angry. SYNONYMS: incensed, infuriated, enraged, livid.ANTONYMS: calm, composed, cool, unruffled.

marauder

(n.) a raider, plunderer. SYNONYMS: looter, pirate.

Pauper

(n.) an extremely poor person. SYNONYMS: destitute person.ANTONYM: billionaire.

Pilfer

(v.) to steal in small quantities. SYNONYMS: rob, swipe, purloin.

Surmount

v. to overcome, rise above synonyms: conquer, triumph over

antonyms: be vanquished, be defeated, succumb to

terminate

(v.) to bring to an end. SYNONYMS: conclude, finish, discontinue. ANTONYMS: begin, commence.

Trite

(adj.) commonplace; overused, stale. SYNONYMS: banal, hackneyed, corny. ANTONYMS: original, innovative.

Usurp

to seize and hold a position by force or without right Syn: Seize, illegally, commandeer, supplant

adieu

(int.) "Farewell!"; (n.) a farewell *SYNONYMS:* (int.) "So long"; (n.) good bye *ANTONYMS:* (int.) "Hello"; (n.) greeting

apex

(n.) the highest point, tip *SYNONYMS:* peak, summit, acme *ANTONYMS:* nadir, lowest point

assimilate

(v.) to absorb fully or make one's own; to adopt as one's own; to adapt fully SYN: digest, blend in

bogus

(adj) fake, fraudulent SYN: phony, fake, spurious ANT: genuine, authentic

exorbitant

(adj.) unreasonably high; excessive *SYNONYMS:* extreme, inordinate, overpriced *ANTONYMS:* inexpensive, affordable, reasonable

interim

(n.) the time between; (adj.) temporary, coming between two points in time SYN: intervals, interlude, provisional, stopgap

inundate

(v.) to flood, overflow; to overwhelm by numbers or size SYN: submerge, deluge, swamp

malign

(v.) to speak evil of, slander; (adj.) evil*SYNONYMS:* (v.) defame, vilify, badmouth; (adj.) wicked*ANTONYMS:* (v.) praise, commend; (adj.) kind, benevolent

meander

(v.) to wander about, wind about; (n.) a sharp turn or twist SYN: ramble, zigzag, twist

metropolis

(n.) a large city; the chief city of an area*SYNONYMS:* large urban center*ANTONYMS:* hamlet, village

momentous

(adj.) very important*SYNONYMS:* consequential, weighty

*ANTONYMS:* inconsequential, trivial, slight, unimportant

obstreperous

(adj.) noisy; unruly, disorderly*SYNONYMS:* wild, uncontrolled, riotous *ANTONYMS:* quiet, well-behaved, docile

pensive

(adj.) thoughtful; melancholy*SYNONYMS:* dreamy, contemplative

perilous

(adj.) dangerou *SYNONYMS:* risky, chancy, hazardous, unsafe*ANTONYMS:* safe, secure, harmless

shoddy

(adj.) of poor quality; characterized by inferior workmanship

SYN: cheap, tacky, imitative ANT: well-made, solid, durable, superior

sprightly

(adj.) lively, full of life; spicy, flavorful *SYNONYMS:* frisky, peppy, spirited, buoyant *ANTONYMS:* sullen, spiritless, dull, morose, sluggish

surly

(adj.) angry and bad-tempered; rude *SYNONYMS:* gruff, sullen, cranky, grouchy, hostile *ANTONYMS:* polite, gracious, civil, friendly, genial

tirade

(n.) a long, angry speech, usually very critical SYNONYMS:* diatribe, tongue-lashing

vagrant

(n.) an idle wanderer, tramp; (adj.) wandering aimlessly SYN: vagabond, hobo, nomad ANT: stay-at-home, resident

atone

(v.) to make up for *SYNONYMS:* expiate, make amends for

bondage

(n.) slavery; any state of being bound or held down *SYNONYMS:* servitude, captivity, subjection, dependence *ANTONYMS:* freedom, liberty, independence

credible

(adj.) believable *SYNONYMS:* plausible, acceptable, likely *ANTONYMS:* unbelievable, implausible, improbable

defray

(v.) to pay for *SYNONYMS:* settle, bear the cost, foot the bill

diligent

hard-working SYN: assiduous, sedulous ANT: lazy, indolent

doleful

(adj.) sad; dreary *SYNONYMS:* sorrowful, mournful, melancholy, dolorous *ANTONYMS:* cheerful, blithe, jaunty, buoyant

ghastly

(adj.) frightful, horrible; deathly pale *SYNONYMS:* dreadful, appalling, gruesome, grisly *ANTONYMS:* pleasant, agreeable, attractive, delightful

hamper

(v.) to hold back *SYNONYMS:* hinder, obstruct, impede, inhibit *ANTONYMS:* facilitate, ease, smooth the way

hew

(v.) to shape or cut down with an ax; to hold to *SYNONYMS:* chop, hack, fell, adhere, conform

impoverished

(adj.) poor, in a state of poverty; depleted*SYNONYMS:* poverty-stricken, destitute, indigent *ANTONYMS:* rich, wealthy, affluent, prosperous

incessant

(adj.) never stopping, going on all the time *SYNONYMS:* ceaseless, constant, uninterrupted *ANTONYMS:* occasional, sporadic, intermittent

intricate

(adj.) complicated; difficult to understand *SYNONYMS:* complex, convoluted *ANTONYMS:* simple, uninvolved, uncomplicated

posthumous

(adj.) occurring or published after death*SYNONYMS:* postmortem *ANTONYMS:* prenatal

prim

(adj.) overly neat, precise, proper, or formal; prudish *SYNONYMS:* fussy, fastidious, squeamish *ANTONYMS:* dowdy, frumpy, sloppy, untidy, loose, lax

sardonic

Grimly or scornfully mocking, bitterly sarcastic Synonyms: mordant, acerbic, wry Antonyms: bland, saccharine, good-natured

superfluous

(adj.) exceeding what is sufficient or required, excess *SYNONYMS:* surplus, supererogatory ANTONYMS:* necessary, essential, vital, indispensable

taunt

(v.) to jeer at, mock; (n.) an insulting or mocking remark SYN: ridicule, insult ANT: cheer, praise

tenacious

(adj.) holding fast; holding together firmly; persistent *SYNONYMS:* obstinate, stubborn, dogged *ANTONYMS:* yielding, weak, gentle, lax, slack

annihilate

(v.) to destroy completely SYNONYMS: obliterate, decimate ANTONYMS: foster, promote, encourage, nurture

arbitrary

(adj.) unreasonable; based on one's wishes or whims without regard for reason or fairness SYN: capricious

brazen

(adj.) shameless, impudent; made of brass SYNONYMS: saucy, bold ANTONYMS: deferential, respectful, self-effacing

catalyst

(n.) a substance that causes or hastens a chemical reaction; any agent that causes change SYN: stimulus

Exodus

(n.) a large-scale departure or flight SYNONYMS: emigration, escape, hegira ANTONYMS: immigration, influx, arrival, entrance

facilitate

to make easier; to assist

incorrigible

(adj.) not able to be corrected; beyond control SYNONYMS: unruly, intractable, incurable, inveterate ANTONYMS: tractable, docile, curable, reparable

latent

(adj.) hidden, present but not realized SYNONYMS: dormant, inactive, undeveloped ANTONYMS: exposed, manifest, evident

militant

(adj.) given to fighting; active and aggressive in support of a cause; (n.) an activist

morose

having a gloomy or sullen manner; not friendly or sociable

opaque

(adj.) not letting light through; not clear or lucid; dense, stupid

SYN: obtuse

paramount

(adj.) chief in importance, above all others *SYNONYMS:* supreme, foremost, primary, dominant *ANTONYMS:* secondary, subordinate, ancillary

prattle

(v.) to talk in an aimless, foolish, or simple way; to babble; (n.) baby talk; babble

rebut

(v.) to offer arguments or evidence that contradicts an assertion; to refute

servitude

slavery, forced labor

slapdash

(adj.) careless and hasty *SYNONYMS:* cursory, perfunctory, sloppy, slipshod *ANTONYMS:* painstaking, meticulous, thorough, in-depth

stagnant

(adj.) not running or flowing; foul from standing still; inactive, sluggish, dull SYN: fetid

succumb

(v.) to give way to superior force, yieldSYNONYMS: submit, die, expire ANTONYMS: overcome, master, conquer

abscond

(v.) to run off and hide SYNONYMS: bolt, make off, skip town

anarchy

(n) a lack of government and law; confusion SYNONYMS: chaos, disorder, turmoil, pandemonium ANTONYMS: law and order, peace and quiet

arduous

(adj.) hard to do, requiring much effort SYNONYMS: hard, difficult, laborious, fatiguing ANTONYMS: easy, simple, effortless

auspicious

(adj.) favorable; fortunate SYNONYMS: promising, encouraging, propitious ANTONYMS: ill-omened, sinister

daunt

to overcome with fear, intimidate; to dishearten, discourage SYN: dismay, cow ANT: encourage, reassure

fated

(adj.) determined in advance by destiny or fortune SYNONYMS: destined, preordained, doomed ANTONYMS: fortuitous, chance, random

inanimate

(adj.) not having life; without energy or spirit SYNONYMS: dead, spiritless ANTONYMS: living, alive, energetic, sprightly

incinerate

v. to burn to ashes syn: burn up, cremate, reduce to ashes

intrepid

(adj) very brave, fearless, unshakable SYNONYMS: valiant, audacious, daring ANTONYMS: timid, cowardly, craven, pusillanimous

larceny

theft SYN: robbery; stealing

precipice

(n) a very steep cliff, the brink or edge of disaster SYNONYMS: crag, bluff, ledge ANTONYMS: abyss, chasm, gorge

reprieve

(n) a temporary relief or delay; (v) to grant a postponement SYN:stay, respite, postpone, delay ANT: proceed

alien

(n.) a citizen of another country; (adj.) foreign, strange Synonyms: (adj.) exotic, unfamiliar Antonyms: (adj.) native, endemic, familiar

compensate

(v.) to make up for; to repay for services Synonyms: pay back, reimburse, recompense Antonyms: fail to reward, stiff

dissolute

(adj.) loose in one's morals or behavior Synonyms: dissipated, debauched, immoral, corrupt Antonyms: virtuous, chaste, moral, seemly, proper

erratic

(adj.) not regular or consistent; different from what is ordinarily expected; undependable SYN: irregular ANT: steady; constant

expulsion

(n.) the process of driving or forcing out Synonyms: ejection, ouster, eviction Antonyms: admittance, admission

feint

(n.) a deliberately deceptive movement; a pretense; (v.) to make a deceptive movement; to make a pretense of SYN: trick, bluff

fodder

(n.) food for horses or cattle; raw material for a designated purpose

fortify

(v.) to strengthen, build up Synonyms: reinforce, shore up Antonyms: weaken, undermine, sap, impair

illegible

(adj.) difficult or impossible to read Synonyms: unreadable, indecipherable, scribbled Antonyms: readable, decipherable, distinct, clear

jeer

(v.) to make fun of rudely or unkindly; (n.) a rude remark of derision SYN: laugh at, mock, taunt ANT: applause

proliferate

(v.) to reproduce, increase, or spread rapidly Synonyms: multiply, mushroom, burgeon Antonyms: decrease, diminish, dwindle, slack off

subjugate

(v.) to conquer by force, bring under complete control Synonyms: subdue, vanquish, master Antonyms: be conquered, submit, surrender

sully

(v.) to soil, stain, tarnish, defile, besmirch Synonyms: pollute, taint, smear Antonyms: cleanse, purify, decontaminate

unflinching

(adj.) firm, showing no signs of fear, not drawing back Synonyms: resolute, steadfast, unwavering Antonyms: irresolute, wavering, vacillating

admonish

(v.) to caution or advise against something; to scold mildly; to remind of a duty SYN: warn, call on the carpet

brigand

(n.) a bandit, robber, outlaw, highwayman SYN: Bandit, robber, outlaw

circumspect

(adj.) careful, cautious - SYNONYMS: wary, prudent, guarded -ANTONYMS: incautious, rash, reckless, heedless

commandeer

(v.) to seize for military or official use Synonyms: take over, requisition, expropriate