HHP:1100 Human Anatomy - The Urinary System

Flashcards created from lecture notes on the Urinary System and Kidney Anatomy for HHP:1100 Human Anatomy.

The structures of the urinary system include __, __, urinary bladder, and urethra.

Kidneys (2), Ureters (2)

The main functions of the urinary system are __, __, and __.

Storage of urine, Excretion of urine, Regulation of blood volume and composition

The kidneys are located __ against the posterior abdominal wall.

retroperitoneal

The outermost layer surrounding the kidneys is called __, while the innermost is the __.

Paranephric fat; fibrous capsule

Each renal papilla projects into a hollow structure called __.

the minor calyx

Afferent arterioles enter the renal corpuscle and form a __.

glomerulus

The components of a nephron include the renal corpuscle and the __.

renal tubule

Urine formation occurs through three processes: filtration, __, and __.

tubular reabsorption; tubular secretion

Cortical nephrons make up approximately __ percent of all nephrons in the kidney.

85

The tubular component where reabsorption of nutrients occurs is called __.

proximal convoluted tubule

The nephron loop consists of a limb and an limb.

descending; ascending

The distal convoluted tubules lead to __ that empty into collecting ducts.

collecting tubules

The collecting duct empties into __ which opens into the minor calyx.

the papillary duct

The path of blood flow through the kidney includes the renal artery, __, __, and renal vein.

afferent arterioles; glomeruli

Major structures in the kidney include renal columns, renal pyramids, __, __, and the renal pelvis.

renal papilla; minor calyx

The process of glomerular filtration is the movement of substances from the blood within the into the .

glomerulus; capsular space

The part of the nephron responsible for secreting substances back into the tubular fluid is the __.

distal convoluted tubule

The area where blood vessels and nerves connect to the kidneys is known as __.

the hilum